• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20190821-114125
Document
Author
Full name
Domingo Alberto Sosa
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1989
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Erosividade da chuva, distribuição e correlação com a perda de solo para Pindorama, São Paulo, Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
CHUVA
EROSÃO
Abstract in Portuguese
Foi estudada a erosividade da chuva de Pindorama através da metodologia de WISCHMEIER e SMITH (1958). Para tanto, foram analisados dados pluviográficos e de perda de solo de 38,5 parcelas.ano da Seção de Conservação do Solo instalada na Estação Experimental local pertencente ao Instituto Agronômico do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para a identificação das chuvas individuais erosivas foram utilizados os critérios propostos por WISCHMEIER (1959) e WISCHMEIER e SMITH (1978), com pequenas modificações sugeridas por CABEDA (1976). Foram estudadas as correlações entre perda de solo e 26 parâmetros (KE > 25, I5, I10, I15, I20, I25, I30, I35, I40, I45, I50, I55, I60, EI5, EI10, EI15, EI20, EI25, EI30, EI35, EI40, EI45, EI50, EI55, EI69 e enxurrada) correspondente a 231 chuvas individuais erosivas distribuídas entre janeiro de 1980 e maio de 1985. O índice EI 30, comumente utilizado por outros autores, constitui-se num conveniente indicador para avaliar a erosividade da chuva de Pindorama. Para a caracterização do fator R da Equação Universal de Perdas de Solo, isto é, do EI 30 anual médio de WISCHMEIER e SMITH (1965) foram utilizados dados de 838 chuvas individuais erosivas distribuídas durante os anos de 1970 a 1985. O valor encontrado para esse índice foi de 6143 MJ.mm/ha.ano, o qual é esperado que ocorra pelo menos uma vez a cada 2,1 anos. Os valores dos índices de erosividade anual esperados nos períodos de retorno de 2, 5, 20 e 100 anos foram, respectivamente de 5666; 8234; 11565 e 15259 MJ.mm/ha.h.ano. Foi observada a distribuição de 83,3 % do total de erosividade anual durante o semestre de outubro a março, indicando que é esperado que ocorra neste período, a maior parte das perdas anuais de solo. Portanto, devem ser estabelecidas e mantidas práticas conservacionistas principalmente nesta época do ano, a fim de que tais perdas sejam controladas. Foi observado existir para o local estudado, uma elevada correlação entre o índice de erosividade EI30 médio mensal e o coeficiente de precipitação. Portanto, através da equação de regressão estabelecida, pode-se estimar com boa margem de segurança o fator R para outros locais que não possuam dados pluviográficos, mas que, entretanto, apresentem condições climáticas semelhantes às de Pindorama.
Title in English
Rainfall erosivity: its distribution and relationship with soil loss at Pindorama - São Paulo, Brazil
Abstract in English
Rainfall data and soil loss from 38.5 year plots located at the Pindorama Soil Conservation Section of the IAC were treated according to the methodology proposed by WISCHMEIER and SMITH (1958) with the purpose of determining rainfall erosivity at that site. Data collected from 1970 to 1985, allected according to the criteria set forth by WISCHMEIER (1959) and WISCMEIER and SMITH (1978) and slightly modified by CABEDA (1976) were computed to determine the R factor of USLE. A set of 231 erosive rians was singled out of that total to evaluate the correlation between rainfall and soil 1oss. The rainfall data was computer analyzed showing a correlation between soil 1oss and the following: total rainfall, total kinetic energy, KE > 25, I5, I10, I15, I20, I25, I30, I35, I40, I45, I50, I55, I60, EI5, EI10, EI15, EI20, EI25, EI30, EI35, EI40, EI45, EI50, EI55, EI69 and runoff. No significant statistical difference between KE >25, runoff and every EIn was found as to their capacity to estimate soil loss. Thus the EI30 index commonly used as an indicator was also used in this work to estimated Pindorama's rainfall erosivity. The average annual erosivity index EI30 calculated from 16 years of rainfall data was 6143 MJ.mm/ha.h.year. That value is expected to occur at least one every 2.1 years. Annual erosivity indexes expected for the return periods of 2, 5, 20 and 100 years were 5666, 8234, 11565 and 15259 MJ.mm/ha.h.year, respectively. Most of the annual soil loss is expected to occur between the months of October and March, as shown by the 82.7 % of the total annual erosivity for that period. It is recommended therefore that soil conservation practices be established and maintained throughout that particular period of the year for an effective soil loss control. A high correlation was found between the monthly mean erosivity index EI 30 and the rainfall coefficient. The regression equation obtained allows for a fair estimate of the R factor for other regions where climatic conditions are similar to Pindorama's but were rainfall data are non existent.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
Publishing Date
2019-08-22
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.