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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20190821-130311
Document
Author
Full name
Juliana Piedade
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2001
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeito do resíduo do abacaxizeiro no nível de colesterol sanguíneo e hepático em ratos
Keywords in Portuguese
ABACAXIZEIRO
COLESTEROL DIETA ANIMAL
ENSAIO BIOLÓGICO
RATOS
RESÍDUOS
Abstract in Portuguese
A cultura do abacaxizeiro deve ser renovada para obtenção de melhores frutos. No entanto, a abacaxicultura vem enfrentando problemas, devido ao alto percentual de resíduos agrícolas (soqueiras) que se apresentam como foco de pragas e doenças para a cultura. O presente trabalho visou a verificar o comportamento dos animais em relação ao consumo alimentar e ao ganho de peso, a investigar o efeito da ingestão do resíduo do abacaxizeiro no nível do colesterol total, HDL - colesterol e LDL - colesterol em ratos, a medir o teor de colesterol hepático, e a quantificar os lipídeos nas fezes. Foram utilizados ratos da linhagem Wistar e uma dieta-controle com 7,5% de banha de porco (1,05% colesterol), a qual foi denominada hipercolesterolêmica. As dietas-testes foram feitas com diferentes níveis de resíduo do abacaxizeiro e pectina (10%, 15% e 25%). As dietas do resíduo proporcionaram maior consumo alimentar quando comparadas às dietas de pectina. O maior ganho de peso foi observado nas dietas: controle e com 10% de resíduo aos 15 e 30 dias, e aos 45 dias somente a dieta-controle. O resíduo proporcionou um ganho de peso intermediário e a pectina, o menor ganho de peso. Os tratamentos com a pectina foram mais efetivos na redução do colesterol total; no entanto, aos 15 dias, as dietas com 10% e 15% de resíduo, aos 30 dias, a dieta com 10% de resíduo, e todas as dietas contendo resíduo aos 45 dias, promoveram redução no nível do colesterol total. A concentração plasmática do HDL - colesterol foi aumentada em quase todas as dietas, com exceção da dieta com 25% de pectina, que reduziu este nível aos 15 dias, e aos 30 dias o manteve igual ao da dieta-controle; e as dietas do resíduo que proporcionaram redução e manutenção do teor do HDL - colesterol aos 45 dias quando comparada à dieta hipercolesterolêmica. O LDL - colesterol foi reduzido em todos os tratamentos. As dietas com o resíduo promoveram diminuição desses níveis, ) porém em menor intensidade do que a dieta com pectina. Para o colesterol total do fígado aos 15 dias, foi observado que as dietas com pectina foram mas efetivas na redução do que as dietas com o resíduo quando comparadas à dieta hipercolesterolêmica. Aos 30 dias, a melhor redução do colesterol do fígado foi fornecida pelas dietas com 10% e 15% de pectina e 15% de resíduo em relação ao controle, e aos 45 dias, o colesterol total do fígado foi reduzido pelas dietas com 10% e 15% de resíduo e 25% de pectina, em relação à dieta hipercolesterolêmica. Foi observado que as dietas com 15% e 25% de pectina promoveram aumento da excreção de lipídeos nas fezes
Title in English
Effect of pineapple residue on rat blood and hepatic cholesterol levels
Abstract in English
The pineapple crop should be renewed for in order to achieve obtaining better fruits, however, the pineapple growers have faced problems due to the high amount of agricultural residues (stems and leaves) which are sources of plant pests and diseases. The present research aimed to verify the rat behavior in relation to the food intake and weight gain, to investigate the effect of pineapple residue on total cholesterol leveIs, HDL - cholesterol and LDL - cholesterol of rats, to measure the liver (hepatic) cholesterol and quantity of the lipids in the faeces. Wistar male rats were used and received a control-diet with 7.5% of pig lard (1.05% cholesterol) denominated hypercholesterolemic. Test-diets were made with different leveIs of pineapple residue and pectin (10%, 15% and 25%). Residue diets provided higher food consumption when compared to the pectin diets. The highest weight gains were observed for the following control-diets and 10% of residue at 15 and 30 days, and at 45 days only for control-diet. The residue provided intermediate weight gains and pectin the smallest weight gain. Pectin treatments were more effective in the reduction of total cholesterol; however, at 15 days, diets with 10% and 15% of residue, at 30 days diet with 10% of residue, and all residue diets at 45 days, promoted reduction of the total cholesterol leveI. Plasmatic concentration of HDL - cholesterol was increased in almost all diets, except for the diet with 25% of pectin, which reduced this leveI at 15 days, and at 30 days maintained it equal to that of the control diet. The residue diets provided both reduction and maintenance of the HDL - cholesterol leveIs at 45 days when compared to the hypercholesterolemic diet. LDL - cholesterol was reduced in all treatments. The residue diet decreased these leveIs, however in a lower intensity than the pectin diet. For the total cholesterol of the liver at 15 days the diets with pectin were observed to be more effective in reduction than the diets with residue when compared to hypercholesterolemic diet. At 30 days, the best reduction of the liver total cholesterol was observed by the diets with 10% and 15% of pectin and 15% of residue in relation to the control diet, and at 45 days, the liver total cholesterol was reduced per diets with 10% and 15% of residue and 25% of pectin in relation to the hypercholesterolemic diet. The diets with 15% and 25% of pectin were observed to promote increase in lipid excretion in the faeces.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-08-22
 
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