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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2013.tde-14032014-152720
Document
Author
Full name
Fabricio Motteran
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Maria Bernadete Amâncio Varesche (President)
Damianovic, Márcia Helena Rissato Zamariolli
Kellner, Erich
Porto, André Luiz Meleiro
Silva, Flávio Henrique da
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização da comunidade microbiana de reator anaeróbio de leito fluidificado envolvida na degradação de surfactante não iônico álcool etoxilado de cadeia não ramificada (GENAPOL)
Keywords in Portuguese
Desulfobulbus
AE
Álcool linear etoxilado
Areia
GENAPOL® C-100
PCR/DGGE
Pirosequenciamento
Proteobacteria
Sacarose
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a remoção do surfactante não iônico álcool etoxilado de cadeia não ramificada (AE) em reator anaeróbio de leito fluidificado preenchido com areia como material suporte, em escala de bancada (1,2 L) com TDH de 18 horas, recirculação e fluxo contínuo. O reator foi inoculado com lodo proveniente de reator UASB utilizado no tratamento de dejetos de suinocultura e alimentado com substrato sintético acrescido de surfactante não iônico GENAPOL® C-100 (Sigma-Aldrich®) como fonte de (AE). Análises de monitoramento da concentração do surfactante não iônico AE e matéria orgânica, bem como, dos parâmetros físico-químicos foram realizadas para observar e quantificar a estabilidade do reator, na remoção e degradação do surfactante. A operação do reator foi dividida em cinco etapas: inoculação (535±121 mg/L de DQO), adaptação da biomassa (600±70 mg/L de DQO), Fase I (4,7 mg/L de AE e 623±65 mg/L de DQO), Fase II (22,5 mg/L de AE e 735±87 mg/L de DQO), Fase III (51,4 mg/L de AE e 697±68 mg/L de DQO), Fase IV (107,4 mg/L de AE e 845±87 mg/L de DQO) e Fase V (97,9 mg/L de AE e 882±126 mg/L de DQO). Aplicação das técnicas de PCR/DGGE e pirosequenciamento da região do rRNA 16S foi realizada para constatar a diversidade microbiana nas fases operacionais IV e V. A eficiência média de remoção de matéria orgânica e AE foi de 88% e 99%, respectivamente, durante a operação do reator. A similaridade das populações dos Domínios Archaea e Bacteria foi de 74% e 59%, respectivamente, para as amostras da Fase IV (com sacarose) e Fase V (sem sacarose). A sacarose não alterou o comportamento físico-químico do reator de leito fluidificado, mas este co-substrato influenciou, tanto, na produção de ácidos orgânicos voláteis, quanto, na diversidade dos microrganismos envolvidos na degradação do AE. Por meio da análise de pirosequenciamento das amostras das Fases IV e V do material suporte e separador de fases do reator foram identificados 83 gêneros dos quais 18 foram relacionados com a degradação de surfactante não iônico, bem como, seus subprodutos. Obteve-se maior abundância relativa para os seguintes gêneros: Sporomusa, Geobacter, Desulfobulbus, Synergistes, Sedimentibacter, Holophaga, Serpens e Azonexus. Observou-se elevada diversidade filogenética e similaridade com sequências de bactérias relacionadas com a degradação de surfactante não iônico AE.
Title in English
Microbial characterization of anaerobic fluidized bed reactor involved in the nonionic surfactant alcohol ethoxylate non-branched (GENAPOL) degradation
Keywords in English
Desulfobulbus
AE
GENAPOL® C-100
Linear alcohol ethoxylate
PCR/DGGE
Proteobacteria
Pyrosequencing
Sand
Sucrose
Abstract in English
The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal of nonionic alcohol ethoxylate non-branched (AE) in anaerobic fluidized bed reactor filled with sand as support material, on a bench scale (1.2 L) with 18 hours of TDH, recirculation and continuous flow. The reactor was inoculated with sludge from a UASB reactor used in the treatment of swine manure and fed with synthetic substrate plus nonionic GENAPOL® C-100 (Sigma-Aldrich®) as a source of AE. Monitoring analysis of the nonionic surfactant AE concentration and organic matter, as well as the physicochemical parameters were performed to observe and quantify the reactor stability, in the removal and degradation of the surfactant. The reactor operation was divided into five phases: inoculation (535±121 mg/L of COD), biomass adaptation (600±70 mg/L of COD), Phase I (4,7 mg/L of AE and 623±65 mg/L of COD), Phase II (22,5 mg/L of AE and 735±87 mg/L of COD), Phase III (51,4 mg/L of AE and 697±68 mg/L of COD), Phase IV (107,4 mg/L of AE and 845±87 mg/L of COD) and Phase V (97,9 mg/L of AE and 882±126 mg/L of COD). Application of the techniques PCR/DGGE and pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA region were performed to observe the microbial diversity in the operational phases IV and V. The average removal efficiency of organic matter and AE was 88% and 99%, respectively, during the reactor operation. The populations similarity of the Archaea and Bacteria Domains were 74% and 59%, respectively, for samples from Phase IV (with sucrose) and Phase V (without sucrose). Sucrose did not alter the physical-chemical behavior of the fluidized bed reactor, but this co-substrate influenced both in the volatile fatty acids production, as in the diversity of microorganisms involved in the AE degradation. Through the pyrosequencing analysis of samples from Phases IV and V of the reactor (support material and phase separator), 83 genera were identified of which 18 were related to the nonionic surfactant degradation, as well as its byproducts. Highest relative abundance values were obtained for the following genera: Sporomusa, Geobacter, Desulfobulbus, Synergistes, Sedimentibacter, Holophaga, Serpens and Azonexus. A high phylogenetic diversity and similarity to sequences of bacteria related to the degradation of nonionic AE surfactant were observed.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-03-20
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • MOTTERAN, FABRÍCIO, et al. Degradation of high concentrations of nonionic surfactant (linear alcohol ethoxylate) in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor [doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.024]. Science of the Total Environment [online], 2014, vol. 481, p. 121-128.
  • Moterani, F., et al. Removal of linear alcohol ethoxylate (LAE) in anaerobic fluidized bed reactor. In EcoTechnologies for Wastewater Treatment, Santiago de Compostela, 2012. ECO STP., 2012.
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