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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2009.tde-16092009-133404
Document
Author
Full name
Fernando Monteiro Rugitsky
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Bercovici, Gilberto (President)
Lima, Gilberto Tadeu
Paulani, Leda Maria
Title in Portuguese
O movimento dos capitais: contribuição à crítica das teorias do ciclo econômico
Keywords in Portuguese
Capitalismo
Economia política
Sistema financeiro
Taxa de juros
Teoria monetária
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as transformações por que passou a teoria econômica no período entre-guerras, relacionando-as às mudanças econômicas e políticas que caracterizam o capitalismo da época. O ponto de partida é o contraste realizado por Karl Polanyi entre os conservadores anos 1920 e os revolucionários anos 1930. Argumenta-se que os conflitos em tomo do restabelecimento e do posterior abandono do padrão-ouro, que representaram a tentativa de restauração do liberalismo econômico e sua subseqüente frustração, foram determinantes nas disputas políticas e teóricas do período. A obra de Friedrich von Hayek é relacionada aos conservadores anos 1920, enquanto a obra de John Maynard Keynes é associada às transformações da década de 1930. São enfatizados os contrastes entre os conceitos de equilíbrio e taxa de juros adotados pelos dois autores. Além disso, argumenta-se que as transformações da teoria econômica não se restringiram a alterações de conceitos e hipóteses, mas envolveram também um deslocamento do papel desempenhado pela teoria na reprodução da sociedade, com a emergência da gestão macroeconômica do capitalismo.
Title in English
Capital in motion: contribution to the critique of the business cycle theories
Keywords in English
Equilibrium
Gold-standard
Hayek
Interest rate
Keynes
Abstract in English
The aim of this work is to analyse the transformation that economics has been through in the interwar years, relating it to the economic and political transformation of the period's capitalism. The point of departure is Karl Polanyi's contrast between the conservative 1920s and the revolutionary 1930s. It is argued that the conflicts around the reestablishment and the abandonment of the gold-standard, which represented the attempt (and its subsequent frustration) to restore economic liberalism, exercised a great influence on the political and theoretic disputes of the time. Friedrich von Hayek's work is related to the conservative 1920s, while John Maynard Keynes' work is connected with the transformations of the 1930s. The contrasts between the authors' concepts of equilibrium and interest rate are particularly emphasized. Finally, it is maintained that the transformation of economics was not restricted to changes of concepts and hypotheses, but involved also a transformation of the role fulfilled by this theory in the reproduction of society, with the emergence of the macroeconomic management of capitalism.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-09-17
 
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