Thèse de Doctorat
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.21.2006.tde-30102006-171206
Document
Auteur
Nom complet
Luiz Antonio Pereira de Souza
Unité de l'USP
Domain de Connaissance
Date de Soutenance
Editeur
São Paulo, 2006
Directeur
Jury
Tessler, Moyses Gonsalez (Président)
Mahiques, Michel Michaelovitch de
Prado, Renato Luiz
Silva, Cleverson Guizan da
Vital, Helenice
Titre en portugais
"Revisão crítica da aplicabilidade dos métodos geofísicos na investigação de áreas submersas rasas"
Mots-clés en portugais
batimetria
estratigrafia rasa
fontes acústicas
geofísica aplicada
geofísica rasa
investigação de áreas submersas rasas
oceanografia geológica
perfilagem sísmica contínua
sísmica
sonar de varredura lateral
Resumé en portugais
Os métodos geofísicos constituem um conjunto de várias ferramentas de investigação, com características específicas e com aplicação, em especial, no estudo de áreas submersas, tendo em vista a inacessibilidade as estes ambientes pelos métodos convencionais. Entretanto, sua aplicação nem sempre traz os resultados esperados e assim, o objetivo principal deste estudo é discutir e avaliar a aplicabilidade dos métodos geofísicos, com ênfase nos métodos sísmicos, em estudos de áreas submersas rasas: plataforma continental interna, áreas costeiras, rios, lagos e reservatórios. O estabelecimento de critérios que auxiliem a escolha do método geofísico mais adequado para a melhor solução ao problema geológico ou geotécnico colocado, visa, entre outros aspectos, contribuir para a mitigação dos problemas, principalmente ambientais, causados pela atividade antrópica concentrada nestes ambientes e ampliar o conhecimento geológico básico, propiciando deste modo intervenções sustentadas nestes complexos ambientes.
Titre en anglais
A critical review of applied geophysical methods for shallow water investigation
Mots-clés en anglais
geological oceanography
shallow stratigraphy
shallow water investigatin
Resumé en anglais
Geophysical methods consist of a series of investigation tools with specific features that
are critical to the study of water-covered areas, since these environments cannot be
reached with conventional methods. However, sometimes these applications fail to
provide the expected results. The objective of this study is to discuss and assess the
applicability of geophysical methods by focusing on seismic methods in studies
conducted in shallow water-covered areas: inner continental shelves, coastal areas,
rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Criteria to help to select the most appropriate geophysical
method to solve geological or geotechnical issues must be established to minimize
problems, particularly environmental problems caused by concentrated anthropic
activity, and to expand basic geological knowledge to allow for sustained interventions
in these complex environments. This study is based on extensive bibliographic research
and on several projects developed by IPT (Institute for Technological Research of São
Paulo State) and by IOUSP (Oceanography Institute of the University of São Paulo), in
addition to partnerships with private companies and other institutes in Brazil that
address this field of knowledge. The focus on shallow waters was driven by the lack of
systematic data and the demand for geological and geotechnical knowledge in these
areas, due to the concentration, in these sectors, of the main economic activities of our
current society: projects to build or reassess port dimensions, installation of moles,
ducts, marinas, bridges, tunnels, fishing activities, beach regeneration, mineral
prospecting, waterways, dredging, installation of reservoirs for water storage or flood
containment, and reservoir silting. In any of these topics, basic geological knowledge of
the bottom and subbottom of water-covered areas is essential to ensure the ventures
success. Considering this, geophysical methods, particularly seismic ones, are
investigation tools that effectively contribute to generate new information, and are the
only set of tools available to quickly and objectively provide enough data to improve the
geological understanding of the area under investigation. The result of this study
includes a discussion on the feasibility of the methodologies recommended, based on an
extensive survey conducted in 2005/2006 on the availability of geophysical equipment
in research institutes and private companies in Brazil.
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Date de Publication
2006-10-31
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