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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2015.tde-29052015-192101
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Brito Domingos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Pace, Ana Emilia (President)
Carvalho, Ana Maria Pimenta
Shortridge-Baggett, Lillie
Title in Portuguese
Autoeficácia das pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, em seguimento ambulatorial, para o cuidado com a doença
Keywords in Portuguese
Autoeficácia
Cuidados de enfermagem
Diabetes mellitus
Abstract in Portuguese
Estudo descritivo, transversal e correlacional que objetivou analisar a relação da autoeficácia para o controle da doença, com as variáveis sociodemográficas, de tratamento, clínicas, antropométricas e de controle glicêmico das pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, em seguimento ambulatorial. Foi realizado no período de junho de 2011 a junho de 2012. Para avaliar a autoeficácia, utilizou-se a versão brasileira do Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMSES), composta por quatro domínios que refletem comportamentos de autocuidado para o tratamento. A amostra ficou constituída por 222 pessoas e caracterizou-se por 118 (53,2%) pessoas do sexo feminino e 104 (46,8%) do sexo masculino; média da idade de 60,7 (DP=8,39) anos; 158 (71,2%) viviam com cônjuge e 182 (82%) apresentaram baixa escolaridade. Quanto ao tratamento, 147 (66,2%) pessoas referiram associação de insulina com antidiabéticos orais; 90 (40,5%), prática de exercício físico e 153 (68,9%), seguimento da dieta para o controle da doença. Em relação às variáveis clínicas, a média do tempo de diagnóstico foi de 15,25 (DP= 8,03) anos; 159 (71,6%) pessoas apresentaram pressão arterial sistólica alterada; 168 (75,7%), pressão diastólica normal; 134 (60,4%), obesidade; 68 (66,7%) são homens e 108 (92,3%), mulheres com circunferência abdominal alterada. Na avaliação do controle glicêmico, destaca- se que 137 pessoas (62,3%) apresentaram glicemia plasmática de jejum alterada e 198 (90,8%), hemoglobina glicada maior ou igual a 7%. A autoeficácia para o Domínio 1 "nutrição específica e peso" apresentou relação direta com o tempo de diagnóstico; para o Domínio 2, "exercício físico e cuidados com os pés", relação inversa com a idade e direta com a escolaridade. Para as variáveis categóricas, no Domínio 1, houve diferença dos escores no seguimento da dieta, exercício físico, índice de massa corporal, glicemia plasmática de jejum e hemoglobina glicada; no Domínio 3, "controle/correção da glicemia e medicação" para os tipos de tratamento medicamentoso e seguimento da dieta. Conclui-se que a autoeficácia pode relacionar-se com o tempo de diagnóstico e a escolaridade, ser um indicador de comportamentos desejáveis para o cuidado em diabetes mellitus e relacionar-se positivamente com o controle glicêmico
Title in English
Self-efficacy of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in ambulatory follow-up for the disease care
Keywords in English
Diabetes Mellitus
Nursing Care
Self-efficacy
Abstract in English
Descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study with the aim to analyze the relationship of self-efficacy in the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus to glycemic control, anthropometric, clinical, treatment and sociodemographic variables of people with the disease, in ambulatory follow-up. The research was carried out in the period between June 2011 and June 2012. Self-efficacy was assessed by means of the Brazilian version of the Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMSES), which is made of four domains that reflect self- care behaviors during treatment. The sample was comprised of 222 people, namely 118 (53.2%) women and 104 (46.8%) men; mean age of 60.7 (SD=8.39) years; of which 158 (71.2%) lived with a spouse and 182 (82%) had low schooling. Regarding treatment, 147 (66.2%) people stated they associate the use of insulin with oral antidiabetics; 90 (40.5%) stated they practice physical exercise and 153 (68.9%) mentioned they follow a diet to control the disease. As for clinical variables, the mean time of diagnosis was 15.25 (SD= 8.03) years; 159 (71.6%) people presented altered systolic arterial pressure; 168 (75.7%) had normal diastolic pressure; 134 (60.4%) were obese; and 68 (66.7%) men and 108 (92.3%) women had altered abdominal circumference. The evaluation of the glycemic control showed that 137 people (62.3%) presented altered fasting plasma glycemia and 198 (90.8%) had glycated hemoglobin levels greater than or equal to 7%. Self-efficacy in domain 1, "specific nutrition and weight" presented a direct relationship to the time of diagnosis; whereas in domain 2, "physical exercise and care with the feet", it had an inverse relationship to age and a direct relationship to schooling. Regarding the categorical variables, in domain 1, there was a difference observed in the scores of adherence to diet, physical exercise, body mass index, fasting plasma glycemia and glycated hemoglobin; and in domain 3, "control/correction of glucose and medication", for the types of drug therapy and adherence to diet. In conclusion, self-efficacy may be related to the time of diagnosis and schooling, being an indicator of desirable behaviors in the care of diabetes mellitus and relating positively to the glycemic control
 
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Publishing Date
2015-06-10
 
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