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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.2016.tde-30062016-082711
Document
Author
Full name
Caroline Satye Martins Nakama
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Vianna Junior, Ardson dos Santos (President)
Paiva, José Luis de
Siqueira, Adriano Francisco
Title in Portuguese
Modelagem estocástica da dispersão axial: aplicação em um reator tubular de polimerização.
Keywords in Portuguese
Distribuição de tempos de residência
Equação diferencial estocástica
Modelagem
Polimerização
Reator tubular de polimerização
Simulação
Abstract in Portuguese
Reatores tubulares de polimerização podem apresentar um perfil de velocidade bastante distorcido. Partindo desta observação, um modelo estocástico baseado no modelo de dispersão axial foi proposto para a representação matemática da fluidodinâmica de um reator tubular para produção de poliestireno. A equação diferencial foi obtida inserindo a aleatoriedade no parâmetro de dispersão, resultando na adição de um termo estocástico ao modelo capaz de simular as oscilações observadas experimentalmente. A equação diferencial estocástica foi discretizada e resolvida pelo método Euler-Maruyama de forma satisfatória. Uma função estimadora foi desenvolvida para a obtenção do parâmetro do termo estocástico e o parâmetro do termo determinístico foi calculado pelo método dos mínimos quadrados. Uma análise de convergência foi conduzida para determinar o número de elementos da discretização e o modelo foi validado através da comparação de trajetórias e de intervalos de confiança computacionais com dados experimentais. O resultado obtido foi satisfatório, o que auxilia na compreensão do comportamento fluidodinâmico complexo do reator estudado.
Title in English
Stochastica modelling of the axial dispersion phenomena: application in a tubular polymerization reactor.
Keywords in English
Modelling
Simulation
Stochastic differential equation
Time residence distribution
Tubular polymerization reactor
Abstract in English
The velocity profile of polymerization tubular reactors may be very distorted. Based on this observation, a stochastic model based on the axial dispersion model was proposed for the mathematical representation of the fluid dynamics of a tubular reactor for polystyrene production. The differential equation was built by inserting randomness in the dipersion coefficient, which added a stochastic term to the model. This term was capable of simulating the experimentally observed fluctuations. The stochastic differential equation was discretized and solved by the Euler-Maruyama method adequately. An estimator function has been developed to calculate the parameter of the stochastic term, while the parameter of the deterministic term was estimated by a least squares method. A convergence analysis was carried out in order to determine the number of elements needed for the time discretization. The model was validated through comparisons of sample paths and computational confidence intervals with experimental data. The result was considered satisfactory, allowing a better understanding of the complex fluid dynamic behaviour of the analised reactor. Key-words: modelling, simulation, stochastic differential equation, polymerization tubular reactor, time residence distribution.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-06-30
 
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