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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2016.tde-08092016-133959
Document
Author
Full name
Danielle Ferreira e Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade (President)
Oliveira, Andre Luiz Vettore de
Pierulivo, Enrique Mario Boccardo
Ventura, Armando Morais
Zerbini, Maria Claudia Nogueira
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da expressão de retrovírus endógenos humanos em pacientes com neuroblastoma.
Keywords in Portuguese
Locus-específico
Expressão gênica
Mapeamento
Neuroblastoma
Retrovírus endógenos humano
Abstract in Portuguese
O neuroblastoma é o tumor sólido mais comum e com maior índice de letalidade em crianças. Diversas famílias de retrovírus endógenos humanos (HERV) estão presentes no genoma humano, em diferentes níveis de integridade, e são reativadas sob diferentes circunstâncias. A atividade de HERV tem sido cada vez mais sido associada a doenças como câncer, doenças autoimunes e ainda com a infecção por vírus exógenos. O principal objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar a expressão de retrovírus endógenos das famílias H (HH), W (HW) e K (HK) em pacientes diagnosticados com neuroblastoma. Amostras tumorais e amostras controle foram submetidas a extração de RNA total, síntese de cDNA e PCR em fase única. Os produtos de HERV foram submetidos ao sequenciamento em larga escala. No total, 43 loci de HH e 14 loci de HW foram diferencialmente expressos entre os grupos e 202 loci de HK foram detectados. As análises de expressão somadas ao contexto genético e epigenético de neuroblastoma, permitiram com que várias hipóteses fossem levantadas acerca da regulação da expressão de HERV neste tumor. A hipometilação geral do tecido tumoral pode ter um papel importante na expressão gênica e na reativação de retrotransposons, podendo ser a principal razão para a expressão de HERV neste contexto.
Title in English
Human endogenous retroviruses expression in neuroblastoma.
Keywords in English
Locus-specific
Gene expression
Human endogenous retroviruses
Mapping
Neuroblastoma
Abstract in English
Neuroblastoma represents the most common solid tumor as well as the most lethal form of tumor in children. Several families of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are present in human genome in different integrity levels, and they are reactivated under different circumstances. HERV activity has been linked to diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases and even with the infection by exogenous viruses. The main goal of this project was to evaluate the expression of endogenous retroviruses families H (HH), W (HW) and K (HK) in patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma. Tumor samples and control samples were subjected to RNA extraction and a single round in-house RT-PCR. HERVs amplicons were next generation sequenced to access the specific origin of transcripts. Overall, 43 HH loci and 14 HW loci were differentially expressed between groups and, 202 HK loci was detected. Taken together, HERV expression analysis and genetic and epigenetic context of neuroblastoma provided several hypotheses about regulation of HERV expression in this type of tumor. The global hypomethylation of tumoral tissue may have a role in genes expression and retrotransposons reactivation, which may be the main reason for HERV expression in this context.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-09-08
 
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