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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.44.2016.tde-27072016-144750
Document
Author
Full name
Paulo Fernandes Roberto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Fairchild, Thomas Rich (President)
Petri, Setembrino
Davies, Rosemarie Rohn
Title in Portuguese
Investigação paleontológica do evento hidrotermal de Anhembí (SP) na Formação Teresina (Grupo Passa Dois, Permiano, Bacia do Paraná)
Keywords in Portuguese
Anhembí(SP)
Fósseis
Hidrotermalismo
Permiano
Abstract in Portuguese
No município de Anhembi, ocorrem cones silicosos de dentro da Formação Teresina (Permiano) que, atualmente, são interpretados como acumulações geradas a partir de um evento hidrotermal em águas rasas. A ocorrência de depósitos hidrotermais é bastante rara no registro geológico, tornando o depósito de Anhembi único, ainda mais por apresentar mais de 4.500 dessas estruturas em pouco menos de 1,5 km2. As características marcantes desta localidade tornam-se um importante objeto de investigação científica, além de sugerirem a comparação com as supostamente mais antigas formas de vida encontradas de aproximadamente 3,5 Ga, em contexto similar. Este trabalho consiste numa análise dos fósseis encontrados em intervalos abaixo, lateralmente contínuos e acima da ocorrência desses cones, de uma avaliação de possíveis alterações da biota decorrentes desse evento hidrotermal e também de avaliar a controvérsia acerca dos supostamente mais antigos microfósseis da Terra. Foram analisados macroscopicamente e petrograficamente três intervalos distintos (A, B e C) em que foram coletadas amostras de três níveis diferentes (1, 2 e 3). No intervalo A (Nível 1) foram observados conchas de bivalves, valvas de ostracodes, oncoides e fragmentos de dentes de peixes, inclusive com um fragmento grande de dente de peixe dipnoico. No intervalo B (Nível 2) foram observados apenas valvas de ostracodes e oncoides. No intervalo C (Nível 3) foram encontrados valvas de ostracodes, oncoides e conchas de bivalves. A silicificação dos intervalos A e B difere bastante da do Intervalo C, o que sugere um evento diferente para a silicificação nesses pontos. A aparente diferença encontrada nas biotas dos três intervalos sugere fortemente uma ligação da biota com o evento hidrotermal que ocorreu na região. A presença de microfósseis há 3,5 Ga não é descartada por esse trabalho, entretanto há de se ficar atento com as ressalvas feitas à biogenicidade desses microfósseis.
Title in English
Not available.
Keywords in English
Not available.
Abstract in English
In the Anhembi County, siliceous cones occur in the Teresina Formation (Permian) which are now interpreted as accumulations generated from a hydrothermal event that took place in shallow waters. The occurrence of such hydrothermal deposits is very rare in the geological record, making this deposit unique, especially when considering that more than 4,500 of these siliceous cones outcrop in less than 1,5 km2. The remarkable characteristics of this locality have made it an important object of scientific investigation, aside from suggest the comparison with the supposedly most ancient life forms ever found, from 3.5 Ga, deposited in similar context. This work consists of an analysis of the fossils found in intervals below, laterally continuous and above the place where such cones outcrop, an evaluation whether possible changes in the biota in this area are due to this hydrothermal event, and also to perform an analysis of the state of the controversy around Earth's most ancient microfossils. Three different intervals (A, B and C) in which samples from three distinct levels (1,2 and 3) were collected were analyzed both macroscopically and petrographically. In the Interval A (Level 1) we have observed bivalve shells, ostracod valves, oncoids and fragments of fish teeth including a big fragmented tooth of a dipnoi fish. In Interval B (Level 2) were observed only ostracod valves and oncoids. In Interval C (Level 3) were found ostracod valves, oncoids and bivalve shells. The silicification that took place in these 2 initial intervals differ from the third one, which suggests a different event for the silicification of the lower strata. The apparent difference found in the biota from the three intervals strongly suggests a connection of the biota with the hydrothermal event that took place in that locality. The presence of 3.5 Ga microfossils is not entirely discarded by this work, though one must be caution about the reservations about the biogenicity of such microfossils.
 
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Roberto_Mestrado.pdf (22.83 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2016-07-27
 
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