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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.46.2006.tde-19012007-143807
Document
Author
Full name
Thelma Pavesi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Lichtig, Jaim (President)
Nascimento, Elizabeth de Souza
Oliveira, Elisabeth de
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de indicadores biológicos de exposição para As, Be, Cd, Hg, Ni, e Pb em trabalhadores de incineradores de resíduos de serviços de saúde
Keywords in Portuguese
Espectrometria de absorção atômica
Saúde ocupacional
Toxicologia ocupacional
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho avalia indicadores biológicos de exposição ocupacional de trabalhadores de incineradores de resíduos de serviços de saúde. Os elementos estudados são arsênio, berílio, cádmio, mercúrio, níquel (amostras de urina) e chumbo (amostras de sangue). Os índices obtidos são comparados com (a) os limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira, (b) os limites estabelecidos pela American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) e (c) com os mesmos índices medidos em outros trabalhadores das mesmas usinas trabalhando em diferentes áreas, funções e turnos. As determinações foram realizadas por espectrometria de absorção atômica: por forno de grafite para berílio, cádmio, níquel e chumbo; através da geração de hidreto para arsênio; por geração de vapor frio para mercúrio. Os métodos foram otimizados e validados através de material certificado e ensaios de recuperação. As amostras foram coletadas em 5 dias consecutivos, antes e após cada jornada de trabalho. As médias de concentração para os indicadores biológicos foram inferiores aos limites para exposição ocupacional para os agentes estudados. No caso do arsênio, entretanto, alguns indivíduos apresentaram valores de concentração acima do estabelecido pela legislação brasileira.
Title in English
Evaluation of biological indicators of expousure for As, Be, Cd, Hg, Ni and Pb in workers of medical wastes incineration
Keywords in English
Atomic absorption spectrometry
Occupational health
Occupational toxicology
Abstract in English
The biological occupational exposure indices of workers in medical waste incineration plants is evaluated. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, mercury and nickel (urine samples) and lead (blood samples) are studied. The measured indices are compared with (a) the limits imposed by Brazilian law, (b) limits established by American Conference of Industrial Governmental Hygienists and (c) the same indices measured for co-workers in different workplaces, activities and workshifts. The measurements have been carried through atomic absorption spectrometry: by graphite furnace for of beryllium, cadmium, nickel and lead; using the hidride generation for arsenic; and by cold vapor generation for Hg. The employed methods have been optimized and validated through certified samples and recovery essays. The samples were collected in 5 consecutive workdays, before and after each working shift. The measured indices are found to be below their respective occupational exposure limits when the average for each group of workers is taken. In the case of the arsenic, however, some individual workers have shown levels above the limits imposed by Brazilian law.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-05-31
 
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