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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.55.2016.tde-12042016-101148
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Claudia Nabarro
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2000
Supervisor
Committee
Tari, Farid (President)
Costa, Sueli Irene Rodrigues
Garcia, Ronaldo Alves
Marar, Washington Luiz
Ruas, Maria Aparecida Soares
Title in Portuguese
Sobre a geometria local de hipersuperfícies em R4
Keywords in Portuguese
Não disponível
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo desta tese é estudar a geometria diferencial plana local de uma hipersuperfície regular M em R4, usando a teoria de singularidades. Esta geometria é obtida através do estudo do contato de M com retas, planos e hiperplanos. O contato com hiperplanos (respectivamente, retas e planos) é medido através das singularidades dos elementos da família de funções altura H : M x S3 → R (respectivamente, família de projeções P M x S3 → R3 e II : M x G(2,4) → R2), onde S3 é a esfera unitária em R4, e G(2,4) é a Grassmaniana de 2-planos em R4. Escrevendo M localmente na forma de Monge w = f(x,y,z) obtemos as condições sobre os coeficientes da expansão de Taylor de f para identificar as singularidades genéricas de Hu , Pu e nu. Estudamos as estruturas dos conjuntos em M de um dado tipo de singularidade, usando a aplicação Monge-Taylor e os teoremas de transversalidade de Thom. Além disso, mostramos que existe uma relação de dualidade entre certos estratos dos conjuntos de bifurcações de H e P, e deduzimos propriedades geométricas sobre estes conjuntos. Estudamos também o comportamento de P em um ponto umbílico plano parcial. A família II é de 4 parâmetros, portanto as singularidades genéricas que ocorrem são aquelas de codimensão ≤ 4. Precisamos então completar a tabela de singularidades dos germes R3, O → R2, O em [45]. Fizemos isso usando o programa "Transversal" feito por Neil Kirk [26]. Obtemos critérios geométricos para reconhecer as singularidades de codimensão ≤ 1 e para estabelecer quando II é um desdobramento versal de IIu.
Title in English
On the geometry of hypersurfaces in R4
Keywords in English
Not available
Abstract in English
We initiate in this thesis the study of the local flat geometry of smooth hypersurfaces M in R4 using singularity theory. This geometry is obtained by studying the contact of M with lines, planes and hyperplanes. The contact with hyperplanes (respectively, lines and planes) is measured by the singularities of the elements of the family of height functions H: M x S3 → R (respectively, projections to hyperplanes P : M x S3 → R3, and projections to planes II: M x G(2,4) → R2), where S3 is the unit sphere in R4, and G(2,4) is the Grassmanian of 2-planes in R4. We write locally M in Monge form w = f(x, y, z) and obtain the conditions on the coefflcients of the Taylor expansion of f for identifying the generic singularities of Hu, Pu and IIu. We study the local structures of the set of points in M of a given singularity type using the Monge-Taylor map and Thom's transversality theorems. We also show that there is a duality relation between some strata of the bifurcation sets of H and P, and deduce geometric properties about these sets. We study in more details the behaviour of P at a partial flat umbilic point. The family II is of 4 parameters, so the generic singularities that occur in IIu are of codimension ≤ 4. Therefore we need to complete the list of singularities of germs R2, O → R2, O given in [45]. We do this using "Transversal", a program elaborated by Neil Kirk [26]. We also obtain geometric criteria for recognizing the codimension ≤ 1 singularities of IIu and for establishing when II is a versal unfolding of IIu.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-04-12
 
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