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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2010.tde-28022012-090009
Document
Author
Full name
Patricia Christiane de Oliveira Crivelli Jezler
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Pereira, Andrea Antunes (President)
Kfoury Junior, José Roberto
Sato, Ivone Mulako
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do papel dos elementos majoritários e traço na formação da catarata por envelhecimento na espécie canina
Keywords in Portuguese
cães
catarata
elementos traço
fluorescência de raios X
olho
Abstract in Portuguese
A catarata é a principal causa de perda visual no mundo, com incidência elevada nos animais e nos seres humanos. As cataratas podem ocorrer em todas as idades; entretanto, a predominância das cataratas nos cães aumenta com o avanço da idade. Compreender os mecanismos do desenvolvimento da catarata e procurar métodos terapêuticos disponíveis são de interesse científico e social, pois a catarata é uma das principais causas de cegueira reversível. Atualmente, vem surgindo uma nova ferramenta de potencial diagnóstico, baseada no estudo de alguns elementos químicos. Esses elementos são responsáveis por algumas funções biológicas e podem estar em diferentes concentrações em lentes com catarata. O exame clínico é decisivo para o diagnóstico do estágio de formação da catarata. O estágio de desenvolvimento da catarata foi estabelecido pelo grau de opacidade da lente, reflexo tapetal, e visibilidade do fundo ocular pela oftalmoscopia indireta. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi determinar as alterações dos elementos nos estágios finais de maturação, particularmente, nos casos de catarata matura e hipermatura. Um total de 88 lentes com catarata foram obtidas através da realização de facectomia extracapsular realizada no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo e 6 lentes normais de animais que vieram à óbito neste mesmo hospital. Foram avaliadas um total de 94 lentes. Para a quantificação dos elementos químicos Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn e K foi utilizado a técnica de Fluorescência de Raios X com dispersão de energia. Nossos resultados indicaram um aumento na concentração dos elementos Ca, Fe, Cu e Zn, que está associado ao mecanismo de reabsorção da catarata hipermatura.
Title in English
Evaluation of the role of the majoritary elements and trace in the formation of the cataract for aging in the canine species
Keywords in English
cataract
dogs
eye
fluorescence x-ray
trace elements
Abstract in English
Cataract is the leading cause of vision impairment in the world, with high incidence in animals and humans. Cataracts can occur at any age; however, the prevalence of cataracts increases with age in dogs. Understanding the mechanisms of the development of cataract and looking for available therapeutic methods are problems of scientific and social interest because cataract is one of the major causes of reversible blindness. At present, it comes appearing a new diagnostic tool, based in the study of some chemical elements, responsible for some biological functions, can be in different concentrations in cataract lenses. Clinical examination is decisive to diagnostic cataract formation stage. The maturity level of cataracts was established on the degree of opacity, tapetal reflection, clinical vision and visibility of the ocular fundus by indirect ophthalmoscopy. In this investigation, our main objective was to determine alterations in elements concentration to final maturation stages, particularly, mature and hypermature clinical cases. A total of 88 lenses cataracts were obtained by surgical procedure cataract extracapsular at Ophthalmology Service, of the Veterinary Hospital at Veterinary Faculty of the University of São Paulo and 6 normals lenses were obtained by death animals at Hospital. A total of 94 lenses cataracts have been examined. Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence element analysis was performed to quantification of Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn, K X-Ray. Our results have indicated an increase in the concentration to Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn evaluated. The main difference was associated with mechanism of liquefation and reabsorption of the lens proteins of hypermature cataract.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-09-19
 
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