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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.10.2008.tde-23042009-152205
Document
Author
Full name
Cristina de Jesus Câmara Brito
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Ito, Fumio Honma (President)
Brandão, Paulo Eduardo
Carvalho, Adolorata Aparecida Bianco
Jerez, José Antonio
Langoni, Hélio
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização biológica, antigência e genética de amostras de vírus da raiva isoladas de animais domésticos e de seres humanos no Estado do Maranhão
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise filogenética
Caracterização antigênica
Caracterização genética
Maranhão
Vírus da raiva
Abstract in Portuguese
Analisou-se 54 amostras de vírus da raiva isoladas de diferentes espécies animais e de seres humanos do Estado do Maranhão, inicialmente pelas técnicas tradicionais de imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e de inoculação intracerebral em camundongos (ICC), com o objetivo de realizar um estudo de epidemiologia da doença. No reteste, todas as amostras foram positivas na IFD e 19 resultaram negativas à ICC. O comportamento biológico dos isolados foi estudado em camundongos, revelando um período de incubação entre 7 e 17 dias, com sinais clínicos variados e duração média de 4 dias. Para a avaliação da patogenicidade, foram selecionadas cinco amostras do estudo, oriundas de diferentes espécies, como vírus de desafio nos camundongos imunizados com uma vacina comercial de vírus inativado. Os resultados do desafio indicaram que a proteção conferida pela vacina foi baixa para todas as amostras. A presença de anticorpos no soro dos camundongos vacinados foi demonstrada em diferentes períodos de vacinação. A tipificação antigênica de quatro amostras de vírus foi realizada pela imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) utilizando um painel de anticorpos monoclonais (MAbs) procedentes do Canadian Food and Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canadá, identificando o perfil correspondente à variante de morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus. Na caracterização genética com base nos genes que codificam a glicoproteína G e nucleoproteína N, observou-se que os isolados foram divididos em dois grupos genéticos independentes associados a ciclos endêmicos distintos. Esses resultados permitem concluir que no Estado do Maranhão circulam pelo menos duas variantes do vírus da raiva, mantidas por carnívoros terrestres e morcegos hematófagos. Destaca-se que houve variação regional entre as amostras isoladas em diferentes áreas geográficas. Além disso, foram constatados hospedeiros inesperados nos clados formados. Também, não houve variação temporal nas amostras pesquisadas.
Title in English
Biological, antigenic and genetic characterization of rabies virus samples isolated from domestic animals and humans in Maranhão State
Keywords in English
Antigenic characterization
Genetic characterization
Maranhão
Phylogenetic analysis
Rabies virus
Abstract in English
Fifty four rabies virus samples isolated from different animal species and humans, diagnosed positive by means of the direct fluorescent antibody test (dFA) and mouse inoculation test (MIT) in the State of Maranhão were selected for an epidemiologic study. In the retest, all these samples were dFA-positive, but 19 were negative by the MIT. The biologic behavior of these samples was assessed in mice by intracerebral inoculation and the incubation period was between 7 and 17 days, showing varied clinical signs with an average duration of 4 days. For the evaluation of the pathogenicity, five rabies viruses isolated from different species were selected, and used as the challenge viruses to be inoculated into mice been vaccinated previously with an inactivated commercial rabies vaccine. The results of the challenge experiments indicated low protection of the vaccine against the challenge viruses. The presence of rabies antibody was demonstrated in the sera of vaccinated mice taken at different intervals after vaccination. The antigenic typing was performed in four samples by using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFI) with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) provided by the Canadian Food and Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada, and the profile identified was closely related to that of the Desmodus rotundus vampire bat. The genetic characterization based on genes coding the glycoprotein G and nucleoprotein N genes indicated that isolates were divided into two independent genetic groups associated to distinct endemic cycles. With the results obtained, we conclude that in the State of Maranhão there are circulating at least two distinct variants of rabies viruses, maintained by terrestrial carnivores and vampire bats. Regional variation among the isolates taken from different geographic areas has been found. And the rabies virus isolates grouped into clades were associated with unusual host species and no temporal variation was observed among the isolates.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-06-25
 
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