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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.107.2023.tde-17082023-094254
Document
Author
Full name
Camila Raposo Batista
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Nojiri, Sérgio (President)
Baptista, Bárbara Gomes Lupetti
Horta, Ricardo de Lins e
Struchiner, Noel
Title in Portuguese
Empatia na tomada de decisão judicial: perspectivas teóricas e empíricas
Keywords in Portuguese
Autopercepção
Empatia
Empatia judicial
Juízes
Tomada de decisão judicial
Abstract in Portuguese
Diante da tendência de estudo dos elementos extrajurídicos dentro das tomadas de decisões judiciais, optou-se por analisar somente um deles, a empatia. O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é entender as opiniões que os tomadores de decisão possuem sobre a empatia e sua relação com as reflexões acadêmicas acerca do tema. Para alcançá-lo, foi necessário buscar as principais definições para o termo dentro de uma bibliografia interdisciplinar. Em seguida, compreender como o direito vê este elemento inserido em seu universo, quais as principais questões, pontos positivos e negativos de seu uso/presença. Por fim, realizar um levantamento dentre as opiniões colhidas com os entrevistados objetivando analisar suas percepções acerca da temática. A metodologia utilizada foi empírica. Inicialmente, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica não sistemática acerca dos pontos mencionados para que a etapa empírica se desse. Foram realizadas entrevistas qualitativas com doze juízes de Vara Única ou Cumulativa do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo para obter suas autopercepções acerca de diversos tópicos da empatia judicial. Feita a análise e as inferências desses dados bibliográficos e empíricos, conclui-se que a empatia não é vista de forma tão negativa pelos magistrados entrevistados. Sobretudo no tocante à sua relação com a imparcialidade, houve uma quebra da hipótese inicial, em razão de a empatia não ser rejeitada de forma unânime. Além disso, a importância da definição do termo foi reduzida, uma vez que magistrados com conceituações distintas para o fenômeno convergiram em diversos outros aspectos. Por fim, observou-se existir menor divergências de opinião no campo jurídico quando comparado com a academia, havendo, contudo, convergências entre os achados das duas metodologias.
Title in English
Empathy in judicial decision-making: theoretical and empirical perspectives
Keywords in English
Empathy
Judges
Judicial decision making
Judicial empathy
Self perception
Abstract in English
Given the tendency to study extra-legal elements within judicial decision-making, we chose to analyze only one of them, empathy. The main objective of this research is to understand the opinions that decision makers have about empathy and its relationship with academic reflections on the subject. To achieve it, it was necessary to seek the main definitions for the term within an interdisciplinary bibliography. Then, understand how the law sees this element inserted in its universe, what are the main issues, positive and negative points of its use/presence. Finally, carry out a survey among the opinions collected with the interviewees in order to analyze their perceptions on the subject. The methodology used was empirical. Initially, a non-systematic literature review was carried out on the mentioned points so that the empirical stage could take place. Qualitative interviews were made with twelve judges of the Single or Cumulative Court of the São Paulo Court of Justice to obtain their self-perceptions about various topics of judicial empathy. After the analysis and inferences of these bibliographic and empirical data, it is concluded that empathy is not seen in such a negative way by the interviewed magistrates. Especially with regard to its relationship with impartiality, there was a breakdown of the initial hypothesis, as empathy was not unanimously rejected. In addition, the importance of defining the term was reduced, since magistrates with different concepts for the phenomenon converged in several other aspects. Finally, it was observed that there are fewer differences of opinion in the legal field when compared to the academic studies, although there are convergences between the findings of the two methodologies.
 
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Release Date
2025-02-27
Publishing Date
2023-08-22
 
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