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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1975.tde-20240301-144030
Document
Author
Full name
Vismar da Costa Lima Neto
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1979
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Influência do mosaico comum da soja sobre a planta e a qualidade da semente de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril)
Keywords in Portuguese
MOSAICO-COMUM
QUALIDADE
SEMENTES
SOJA
Abstract in Portuguese
As variedades de soja Bragg. Paraná e Santa Rosa. diferiram na capacidade de transmitir o vírus do mosaico comum da soja pelas sementes. As porcentagens de sementes manchadas. a intensidade do manchamento e as porcentagens de transmissão do vírus pelas sementes estão relacionadas com a época de infecção da planta e a variedade utilizada. A transmissão por sementes manchadas foi mais elevada do que por sementes normais. independentemente da época de infecção da planta e da variedade. Plantas infectadas das três variedades produziram menor número de vagens e sementes e esta redução foi variável. de acordo com a variedade utilizada. Sementes das variedades Paraná e Santa Rosa. produzidas por plantas inoculadas em idade precoce apresentaram teores de óleo mais baixos do que aquelas originárias de plantas sadias. o estudo da distribuição do vírus na semente de soja mostrou que nas imaturas. a atividade viral é maior nos tecidos do tegumento do que nos do eixo embrionário e cotilédones, à medida que a semente se aproxima do estágio de maturação esta situação se inverte. De um modo geral. as porcentagens de recuperação do vírus dos tecidos do embrião. por inoculação mecânica, foram semelhantes as porcentagens de transmissão obtidas pelo plantio das sementes nas três variedades testadas. As porcentagens de transmissão do vírus pelas sementes não foram influenciadas pelo armazenamento destas, durante um período de 8 meses. Não ocorreram diferenças significativas nas porcentagens de germinação e vigor das sementes produzidas por plantas infectadas. quando comparadas com os controles sadios. As variedades de feijoeiro Calima, Goiano Precoce, Paraná, Opaco. Pinto e Red Kidney. testadas em diversas épocas do ano, tiveram comportamento satisfatório como plantas-teste produtoras de lesões locais, podendo ser utilizadas em testes quantitativos com o vírus do mosaico comum da soja.
Title in English
Effect of common mosaic on the soybean plant and seed quality
Abstract in English
Three soybean varieties tested. Bragg. Paraná. and Santa Rosa showed. in addition to mosaic, crinkling and other foliage symptoms, varying degrees of yield reduction. The losses resulted chie-fly from a smaller number of pods and seeds produced, the weight of these being only slightly reduced. Seeds produced by diseased plants of the 3 varieties showed seed coat mottling; and those of Parana and Santa Rosa when collected from early infected plants had a reduced oil content.Seed transmission of the virus differed for the 3 varieties. It was 1.7% for Bragg, 1.2% for Paraná, and 22% for Santa Rosa. Seeds showing seed coat mottling transmited the virus more frequently than unmottled seed from the same infected plants. No significant differences were noticed in germination and seedling vigor when comparisons were made between normal plants originated from seeds from infected or healthy control plants. The percentage and amount of seed coat mottling, as well as the percentage of seed transmission. were influenced by the age of the plant when infected and by the variety. Studies on virus distribution showed that in the immá ture seed. virus activity was greater in the seed coat than in the embryo axis or cotyledones. As the seed ripened. virus activity decreased and practically disappeared from the seed coat, but increased in the embryo tissues. A corre1ation was noted between the amount of seed transmission of the virus and its presence in the embryo as recovered by mechanical inocu1ation for the 3 varieties tested. The amount of seed transmission was not altered during a·period of 8 months in storage under laboratory conditions. Five bean varieties, Calima, Goiano Precoce. Paraná Opaco. and Red Kidney developed good local lesions when inoculated mechanically with the soybean mosaic virus during the various seasons of the year and may be used to good advantage for quantification purposes.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-12
 
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