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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1987.tde-20240301-150913
Document
Author
Full name
Eduardo Bagalhi
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1987
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Parameiose em Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin
Keywords in Portuguese
BESOUROS
CICLO PARASSEXUAL
FUNGOS ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS
MANHOSO
PARAMEIOSE
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o objetivo de estudar o ciclo parassexual e detecção da parameiose em Metarhizium anisopliae, mutantes morfológicos e auxotróficos foram obtidos nas linhagens E6, E9 e RJ, para possibilitar a formação de heterocários, seleção de diplóides e recombinantes, bem como para análise genética da segregação destas marcas. Observou-se uma maior frequência de obtenção de mutantes no método de irradiação e enriquecimento por filtração, o qual apresentou um aumento de 2,6 a 10,7 vezes, quando comparado com o método de isolamento total. Conídios provenientes de heterocários obtidos entre linhagens com marcas auxotróficas complementares semeados em placas contendo MM e MM com diferentes suplementações nutricionais, propiciaram o crescimento de recombinantes prototróficos e auxotróficos, mas não dos parentais auxotróficos. Observou-se a ocorrência de recombinantes prototróficos e auxotróficos haplóides no heterocário, em frequências de 1.10-1 a 3,5.10-6, com evidências de recombinação mitótica, o que comprova a ocorrência de parameiose nesta espécie. A parameiose foi interpretada como um possível mecanismo natural de amplificação da variabilidade genética em fungos filamentosos imperfeitos. Recombinantes híbridos, obtidos por parameiose entre as linhagens E6 e E9 e compostos formados pela mistura de conídios de diversos recombinantes, bem como os parentais auxotróficos e selvagens, foram avaliados com relação à eficiência em atacar o inseto Chalcodermus bimaculatus. Enquanto larvas se mostraram susceptíveis de serem atacadas pelo fungo, o mesmo não foi observado nos insetos adultos. Observou-se, na aplicação com concentração de 107 conídios/ml, uma maior virulência de um dos compostos, o que demonstra o potencial deste método na obtenção de linhagens melhoradas para o controle biológico de insetos.
Title in English
Parameiosis in Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin
Abstract in English
The present research was carried out aiming to study the parasexual cycle and to detect parameiosis in M. anisopliae. Morphological and auxotrophic mutants were obtained from E6, E9 and RJ strains to get heterokaryons, to select diploids and recombinants, and to obtain the genetical analysis of these markers segregation. A higher frequency in getting mutants was obtained in using irradiation and the enrichment method. It showed an improvement of 2.6 to 10.7 times when it was compared with the method of total isolation. Heterokaryons obtained between strains with complementary auxotrophic markers produced conidia that were plated in MM and MM with different nutritional supplementation, to allow the growing of the auxotrophic and prototrophic recombinants but not the parental ones. It was observed prototrophic and auxotrophic recombinants haploids in heterokaryons, at the frequencies of 1 x 10-1 to 3.5 x 10-6, evidencing mitotic recombination, and proving the occurrence of parameiosis in this specie. Parameiosis was interpreted as a possible natural mechanism in amplification of the genetic variability in imperfect filamentous fungi. It was availed the performance of attacking the insect Chalcodermus bimaculatus by parameiotic hybrid recombinants between E6 and E9 strains and a pool obtained by conidia of various recombinants, and the auxotrophic and wild parental strains as well. Larvae were susceptible to the fungus attack but not the adult insects. Concentrations of 107 conidia/ml showed higher virulence in one of the mixtures. These results show the potentiality of this method in getting improved strains for insect biological control.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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