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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1971.tde-20240301-152134
Document
Author
Full name
Antonio Elísio Meneses Lôbo
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
, 1971
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Descontinuidade litológica de alguns solos da região de Piracicaba
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo de quatro perfis de solos da região de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo. Foram pesquisadas as características morfológicas, granulométricas e mineralógicas, tendo-se como finalidades: a) importância, para o estudo de gênese e de classificação de solos, da análise mineralógica como complemento à morfologia de campo; b) o estudo da granulometria da areia total, com o fim de comprovar ocorrências de descontinuidades litológicas; c) a associação de linha de pedras com descontinuidades litológicas; d) o estudo da relação zirconita/turmalina em função da uniformidade do solo. Os perfis aqui estudados, denominados P1, P2, P3 e P4, totalizam 38 horizontes. Obtidas as amostras de solos, procederam-se as análises mecânica e mineralógica. Para ambas as análises, foram eliminados os sais solúveis, cátions divalentes trocáveis, matéria orgânica MnO2 e óxidos de ferro livres. Posteriormente, foi levado a efeito a dispersão e separação da areia. Para a análise granulométrica, a areia total foi dividida em cinco frações: areia muito grossa, areia grossa, areia média, areia fina e areia muito fina. Esta divisão revelou a areia fina como a fração representativa, ou “moda”, e a areia muito fina, como o componente de maior quantidade logo após a “moda”. Os dados referentes à análise granulométrica revelam que os perfis P1 e P3 apresentam resultados uniformes, diferindo, porém, dos perfis P2 e P4. A utilização destes dados, para constatação de descontinuidades litológicas, deve ser analisada cuidadosamente, e sempre associada com análises mineralógicas. Para a análise mineralógica, a fração representativa, ou “moda”, foi escolhida para a separação dos minerais leves e pesados, caracterização e contagem das espécies minerais. Os dados referentes à análise dos minerais leves revelaram a presença dominante do quartzo em todos os perfis. Os resultados da análise dos minerais pesados, através da relação zirconita/turmalina, revelaram descontinuidades litológicas em todos os perfis de solos estudados, e que nem sempre certas descontinuidades litológicas estavam associadas com a presença de linha de pedras.
Abstract in English
This work had the scope to show the study of four soil profiles of the land of Piracicaba, in the state of São Paulo. Morphological, mineralogical and granulometrical characteristics were researched, in the purpose of: a) the importance for the study of the genesis and soil classification of the mineralogical analysis as a complement to the field morphology; b) the study of mechanical analysis of total sand in order to prove the occurrence of lithological discontinuities; c) the association of stone lines with lithological discontinuities; d) the study of relationship zircon/tourmaline in function of the soil uniformity. The profiles studied here, named P1, P2, P3 and P4, totalize 38 horizons. Once we have got the samples of soil, mineralogical and mechanical analyses were researched. For both analyses, soluble salts, exchangeable divalent cations, organic matter, free MnO2 and iron oxides were eliminated. Lately, it was made the dispersion and separation of the sand. For the granulometrical analysis, the total sand was divided into five fractions: very coarse sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand and very fine sand. This division revealed that the fine sand is the representative fraction, or mode, and the very fine sand as the component of larger quantity after the mode. The given results referring to the granulometrical analysis reveal that P1 and P3 profiles show uniform result, differing from P2 and P4 profiles, as well. The use of these results, to prove the lithological discontinuities, should be analyzed carefully, and always be associated with the mineralogical analysis. For the mineralogical analysis, the representative fraction, or mode, was chosen for the separation of light minerals and heavy ones, characterization and counting of mineral species. The result referring to the analysis of light minerals revealed the dominant presence of quartz in all profiles. The results of the analysis of heavy minerals, through the relationship zircon/tourmaline showed lithological discontinuities in all the soil profiles of researched soils, and that, not always, certain lithological discontinuities were associated with the stone lines presence.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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