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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1967.tde-20240301-152556
Document
Author
Full name
Takao Namekata
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1967
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Variabilidade de Stemphylium solani Weber, agente casual da mancha foliar do tomateiro, no Estado de São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS
MANCHA FOLIAR
TOMATE
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho trata sobre o estudo da variabilidade do fungo Stemphylium solani Weber, agente causador da mancha foliar do tomateiro, “mancha de estenfilium”, que está se tornando cada vez mais importante em toda área, onde se cultiva o tomate. O autor isolou 33 culturas de Stemphylium solani, de 13 municípios do Estado de São Paulo e estudou suas capacidades de esporulação em meios de cultura, suas patogenicidades em 5 diferentes Solanáceas, aspectos de culturas em meios B.D.A. e V-8 e métodos de preservação das mesmas. O modo de esporulação dos isolamentos variou bastante e reisolamentos e repicagens sucessivas efetuadas mostraram que todos os isolamentos mantiveram as características culturais originais. Dois isolamentos (T-347 e T-417) comportaram-se de maneira bastante diferente dos demais isolamentos. Assim, estes esporulavam espontânea e abundantemente em quaisquer meios, e nos testes de patogenicidade em tomate Santa Cruz, as análises estatísticas demonstraram possuírem elevada patogenicidade. Com base na capacidade de esporular em meios de cultura, patogenicidade em tomateiro suscetível e invariabilidade das características culturais, o autor propôs a classificação de Stemphylium solani em 3 raças fisiológicas e discute sua importância na interpretação de dados divergentes da literatura. Além disso, chama a atenção para as culturas patogênicas capazes de esporular espontaneamente em meio B.D.A. e suas aplicações nos trabalhos de melhoramento do tomateiro. Das 5 Solanáceas (tomate, pimentão, jiló, berinjela e Datura), 4 representaram reações idênticas às obtidas por outros autores, porém, a beringela mostrou se imune, discordando com os dados da literatura. Quanto ao método de preservação de culturas, demonstrou se possível mantê-las invariáveis, sem repicagem, em meio V-8, pelo menos, cerca de 14 meses.
Abstract in English
The present work deals with the studies of variability of Stemphylium solani Weber, the causal agent of gray leaf spot of tomatoes. This disease is becoming very important in all the areas where tomatoes are cultivated. Thirty-three isolates of Stemphylium solani were obtained from 13 different districts of the State of São Paulo. Morphological and physiological characters such as cultural aspect in PDA and V-8 culture media, sporulation, and pathogenicity on 5 different Solanaceae were studied. Cultural preservation methods have also been considered. Sporulation varied from one isolate to the others, but the characteristics of each isolate were consistently maintained through reisolation from inoculated material and transfers to new media. Two isolates (T-347 and T-419) behaved very differently from others, both in sporulation and pathogenicity. These isolates sporulated abundantly and spontaneously, and their pathogenicity was significantly higher. Based on the capacity of sporulation in the culture media, pathogenicity, and cultural characteristics the classification of Stemphylium solani in 3 physiological races is here purposed. This classification may help explaining divergent data obtained by other authors. Furthermore, the pathogenic isolates capable of spontaneous sporulation in PDA can be used more properly on tomato breeding programs. On the pathogenicity tests, four of the five tested Solanaceae presented the same type of reaction found by other authors. Only eggplant shoved to be immune, and this result disagrees the results found in the literature. The results obtained by the preservation method on V-8 medium shoved that it is possible to keep the isolates invariable, without periodic transfers at least for 14 months.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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