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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1980.tde-20240301-152613
Document
Author
Full name
José Negreiros
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1980
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Toxicidade relativa de inseticidas para Sitophilus zeamais Mots., 1855 e Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Col., Curculionidae) e seus efeitos na mortalidade e emergência das espécies, em condições de laboratório
Keywords in Portuguese
GORGULHOS
INSETICIDAS
TOXICIDADE
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente pesquisa trata de avaliação da suscetibilidade de populações de Sitophilus zeamais Mots., 1855 e Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) aos inseticidas malathion, lindane, dichlorvos, tetrachlorvinphos e chlorpyrifos-methyl, pela utilização da técnica de impregnação de papel de filtro, bem como de investigações sobre a eficiência de inseticidas, em mistura direta aos grãos de milho híbrido visando a proteção contra o ataque de S. zeamais e S. oryzae, durante cinco meses de armazenamento. Os ensaios foram conduzidos no Departamento de Entomologia da Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” da Universidade de São Paulo. A temperatura e umidade relativa variaram entre 28°C ± 2°C e 70 ± 10% respectivamente. Avaliou-se a toxicidade dos inseticidas, com base nos valores CL50 e nos cálculos da toxicidade relativa tomando-se o malathion como padrão. Na investigação pelo método de impregnação de papel de filtro, o chlorpyrifos-methyl e o dichlorvos foram os inseticidas mais tóxicos para S. zeamais e S. oryzae, seguindo-se lhes: para S. oryzae, malathion, lindane e tetrachlorvinfos; e para S. zeamais, lindane, malathion e tetrachlorvinfos. Em S. zeamais todos os inseticidas testados foram mais tóxicos que o malathion. Lindane e tetrachlorvinfos foram menos tóxicos que o malathion para S. oryzae. Nos testes com aplicação dos inseticidas, em mistura direta aos grãos, malathion a 20 e 30 ppm, chlorpyrifos-methyl a 33 ppm, e pirimiphos-methyl a 30 ppm preservaram o milho contra o ataque de S. oryzae e S. zeamais durante cinco meses de armazenamento. O dichlorvos a 7, 14 e 21 ppm protegeu o milho contra S. oryzae e S. zeamais, conferindo 100% de mortalidade, evitando a emergência da progênie e a presença de grãos danificados durante um mês de armazenamento.
Abstract in English
The susceptibility of Sitophilus zeamais Mots., 1855 and Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) populations to the insecticides malathion, lindane, dichlorvos, tetrachlorvinphos and chlorpyrifos-methyl was evaluated. The insecticides were tested by utilizing the filter paper impregnation technique. ln another experiment the insecticides malathion, dichlorvos, pirimiphos-methyl, and chlorpyrifos-methyl were mixed with hybrid corn grains for protection against S. zeamais and S. oryzae attacks for a 5 - month storage period. The experiments were carried out at the Department of Entomology of Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, of USP, in Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Temperatures and relative humidities were 28°C ± 2°C and 70 + 10%, respectively. The toxicity of all insecticides was evaluated by CL50 values and by calculating the relative toxicity using malathion as a standard. According to the results obtained with the filter paper impregnation technique, chlorpyrifos-methyl and dichlorvos were the most efficient ones against S. zeamais and S. oryzae, followed by: malathion, lindane and tetrachlorvinphos against S. zeamais, and malathion, lindane and tetrachlorvinphos against S. oryzae. Concerning S. zeamais all insecticides were more efficient than malathion, whereas lindane and tetrachlorvinphos were less efficient than malathion against S. oryzae. When mixed with grains, malathion (20 and 30 ppm), chlorpyrifos-methyl (33 ppm), and pirimiphos-methyl (30 ppm), have protected the corn against S. zeamais and S. oryzae attacks for a 5 - month storage period. Dichlorvos (7, 14 and 21 ppm) protected the corn against S. zeamais and S. oryzae, causing a 100% insect mortality, preventing progeny emergence and the occurrence of damaged grains during a 1 - month storage period.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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