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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1972.tde-20240301-153054
Document
Author
Full name
Paulo Rebelles Reis
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1972
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeito do acaro Tetranychus (T.) urticae Koch, 1836 (Acarina:Tetranychidae) na produção e qualidade da fibra do algodoeiro, variedade IAC-RM3
Keywords in Portuguese
ÁCARO-RAJADO
ALGODÃO
DANOS
Abstract in Portuguese
O estudo realizado teve por finalidade conhecer os prejuízos causados pelo ácaro Tetranychus (T.) urticae Koch, 1836 (Acarina:Tetranychidae), vulgarmente conhecido por ácaro “rajado”, na variedade IAC-RM3 (resistente à “murcha”) de algodoeiro (Gosaypium hirsutum L.). Foram avaliados os danos vegetativos, de produção e na qualidade das fibras, para a região de Campinas, Estado de Sio Paulo, Brasil um campo na instalação do experimento, de multiplicação de sementes utilizou-se parte de de algodão do Centro Experimental de Campinas, pertencente ao Instituto Agronômico. O plantio foi efetuado a 3/11/1970 e, a colheita, a 15/04/1971. A infestação de T. urticae foi artificial, colocando-se folhas que continham ácaros nas plantas que deveriam sofrer ataque. Com a finalidade de saber em que época o acaro “rajado” seria mais prejudicial e Tl) testemunha não pulverizada.; T2) testemunha pulverizada.; T3) pulverização em janeiro; T4) pulverização em fevereiro; T5) pulverização em fevereiro e março; T6) pulverização em fevereiro, março e abril; T7) pulverização em março e abril . A população de T. urticae foi avaliada quinzenalmente; a seguir, efetuavam-se as pulverizações. quanto de prejuízo causaria a cultura, utilizaram-se sete tratamentos repetidos cinco vezes: O maior - número de ácaros foi encontrado durante a segunda quinzena de fevereiro, quando a precipitação pluvial foi baixa, época em que causou maiores em que causou maiores prejuízos a cultura do algodoeiro. Para a avaliação dos danos, foram analisados: peso de algodão em caroço, peso de vinte capulhos, peso de um capulho, peso.de sementes, Índice de fibra e porcentagem de fibra. As características das fibras foram determinadas medindo-se o comprimento (mm) e a uniformidade (%) através do Fibrógrafo Digital; o micronaire, complexo de finura-maturidade, pelo Micronaire, e a resistência das fibras, em g/Tex, pelo aparelho de Pressley, com espaçador de 1/8 de polegada. Os danos vegetativos foram medidos através da altura das plantas. Os prejuízos mais sérios foram: na produção do algodão em caroço, cuja perda em peso foi da ordem de 30,0%; no micronaire, com redução de 14,8%; e no desenvolvimento vegetativo, com até 19,2% a menos na altura das plantas. Ocorreu sensível redução do número de ácaros nos períodos de alta precipitação pluvial, mostrando que a chuva exerceu um bom controle natural.
Title in English
Effects of the mite, Tetranychus (T.) urticae Koch, 1836 (Acarina:Tetranychidae) in the production and quality of cotton fiber of the IAC-RM3variety
Abstract in English
In this study an attempt was made to determine thedamage caused by the mite Tetranychus (T.) urticae Koch, 1836 (Acarina:Tetranychidae) in the production and quality of cotton fiber of a cotton variety (IAC-RM3) (Gosaypium hirsutum L.). which is wilt resistant to fungus. This mite is commonly known by the name of “ácaro rajado” or striped mite. Mite damage was evaluated as to vegetative injury, production loss and reduction in quality of the cotton fiber in the region of Campirias, Sio Paulo, Brazil. This experiment was set up in part of a field used for cotton seed production in the Central Experimental Station of Campinas belonging to the Agronomic Institute. It was planted on November 3, 1970 and harvested on April 12, 1971. The exper.imental area was artificially infested with T. urticae by locating infested leaves on selected plants. Seven treatments (five repetitions each), were applied with the objetives of determining the period in which the striped mite as most damaging and fhe amount of damage caused to the cotton plants. The treatments were as follows: T1 - Contral not sprayed; ·T2 - control spraye·d; T3 - sprayed in January; T4 - sprayed in February; TS - sprayed in February and March; T6 - sprayed in February, March and April; and T7 - - sprayed in March and April. The T. urticae population was surveyed each 15 days. After this evaluation spray applications were made. The greatest number of mites were encountered during the latter 15 days of February when the rainfall was low. This was the operiod of the greatest mite damage to the cotton. To evaluate damage the following analysis were made: weight of seed cotton; weight of 20 cotton bolls; weight of 1 cotton boll; weight of seed; fiber índex and percentage of fiber. The fiber characteristicswere determined by measuring the lenght (mm) and the uniformity using a Digital fibergraph. The micronaire, a combinatiorio of fineness maturity, was determined by using a Micronaire and the fiber resistance was measured in g/Tex using the Pressley gage with an 1/8 inch spacer. Plants heights were measured to determine.injury to the plants. Most severe injbry was noted in the following ways: in the production of seed cotton a weight lose in the order of 30.0% was found; reduction of micronaire measurements by 14.8% and a 19.2% reduction in vegetative development when consfdering the heights of the plants. A considerable reduction in the number of mites in the period of high rainfall showed that rainfall played an important part in the natural control of the striped mite.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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