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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1977.tde-20240301-153522
Document
Author
Full name
Hercules Martins e Silva
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1977
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Controle químico do "damping-off" do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) causado por Pythium aphanidermatum (EDSON) Fitz., e seu efeito sobre a microflora do solo.
Keywords in Portuguese
FUNGICIDAS
FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS
MICRORGANISMOS DO SOLO
TOMATE
TOMBAMENTO DE MUDAS
Abstract in Portuguese
No presente trabalho, foi procedido o isolamento de Pythium aphanidermatum (EDSON) Fitz., do solo, utilizando-se sementes de cânhamo (Canabis sativa L.) como isca. Foram utilizadas técnicas de produção de oósporos, tratando micélio do fungo, cultivado em meio V-8-ágar + Colesterol, com extrato de solo não estéril, com o objetivo de dar mais uniformidade ao inóculo e maior precisão no método de inoculação. Foi estudado o controle químico do “damping-off” de pré-emergência do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), causado por P. aphanidermatum, através do tratamento, de sementes com os fungicidas PCNB, Carboxin, Thiram, Lesan e Cloreto de Metoxi-etil Mercúrio. Foram utilizados os métodos de tratamento de sementes a seco, “pellet” e úmido. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação, sendo utilizado solo não estéril, contido em vasos de barro de 27 x 27 x 10 cm. As sementes tratadas foram inoculadas, após o plantio, com uma suspensão contendo 6 x 104 oósporos por ml. Finalmente, foi estudado o efeito do controle químico sobre a população, e grupos funcionais de microrganismos do solo, especialmente sobre aqueles que participam dos processos de proteólise, fixação aeróbia e anaeróbia, amonificação, nitrificação e desnitrificação.
Abstract in English
Isolation of Pythium aphanidermatum (EDSON) Fitz., from soil was made, using seeds of Canabis sativa L. as a bait. Oospore production techniques were utilized, treating fungi mycelia, cultivated in media V-8 Agar + Cholesterol, with unsterile soil extract, to give more uniformity to inoculum and more precise inoculation method. Chemical control of pre-emergence damping-off of tomato, caused by P. aphanidermatum was studied by treating seeds with PCNB, Carboxin, Thiran, Lesan and Mercuric fungicides. The three treatment methods: dry, pellet and humid were employed. These experiments were conducted in greenhouse, using unsterile soil inside clay spot 27 x 27 x 10 cm. The treated seeds were inoculated after planting with a 6 x 104 oospore/ml solution. Finally, was studied the chemical control effect against the population and physiological groups of soil microorganisms, moreover those which has active participation in proteolisis, aerobic and anaerobic fixations, ammonification, nitrification and denitrification process.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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