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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1978.tde-20240301-153526
Document
Author
Full name
Humberto Silva
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1978
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Estudo comparativo entre os métodos de propagação do abacateiro (Persea americana, Mill.), no ripado e no campo
Keywords in Portuguese
ABACATE
PROPAGAÇÃO VEGETAL
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo, estudar a propagação do abacateiro, no ripado e no campo, sob o ponto de vista agronômico e econômico. Comparou-se inicialmente, o “pegamento” dos enxertos, no ripado e no campo. No local definitivo, comparou-se a sobrevivência das mudas provenientes do ripado (método “enxerto-ripado-campo”) com aquelas enxertadas no campo (método “enxerto-campo”). O experimento foi realizado em Cordeirópolis, Estado de São Paulo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, utilizando-se as cultivares, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Pollock’ e ‘Wagner’, num esquema fatorial de 3 x 2, com 6 repetições. De acordo com os dados obtidos, verificou-se que o “pegamento” dos enxertos e a sobrevivência das mudas foram influenciadas pelas cultivares e metodologia utilizada. Constatou-se melhores resultados de “pegamento” quando a enxertia no ripado, porém as mudas eram mais sensíveis, exigindo cuidados no plantio. Entre as cultivares o “pegamento” dos enxertos verificou-se na seguinte ordem decrescente: ‘Fortuna’, ‘Pollock’ e ‘Wagner’, tanto no ripado, como no campo. O desenvolvimento vegetativo das mudas foi semelhante entre os métodos. Entretanto, constatou-se diferenças entre as cultivares. Tanto no método “enxerto-ripado-campo”, como no “enxerto-campo”, verificou-se que a ‘Fortuna’ foi superior a ‘Wagner’, mas não diferiu da ‘Pollock’, nem esta da ‘Wagner’. A sobrevivência no campo, das mudas enxertadas no ripado (93%), foi superior aquelas enxertadas no local definitivo (83%). Nos dois métodos, a sobrevivência das mudas verificou-se na seguinte ordem decrescente: ‘Fortuna’, ‘Pollock’ e ‘Wagner’. Do ponto de vista econômico, observou-se que o método “enxertia-ripado-campo”, além de maior índice de sobrevivência da muda, proporcionou custo menos oneroso, por muda.
Abstract in English
The objective of the present research was to study the agronomic as well as economic aspects of avocado propagation, in the lath house and in the field. Initially, comparisons were made of graft-taking rates, in the lath house and in the field. Next, comparisons were made of survival rates of plants from the lath house (“lath house-grafting-field” method) with those grafted in the field (“field-grafting” method) in the definite planting site. The experiment was carried out in Cordeirópolis, State of São Paulo. The experimental design was totally randomized blocks, utilizing cultivars ‘Fortuna’, ‘Pollock’ and ‘Wagner’, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with 6 replications. The data obtained showed that graft-taking and plant survival were influenced by cultivars and methods utilized. The best results in relation to graft taking rates were obtained with lath house grafting, however, the plants were sensitive and required special care when planting. Graft taking rates, among cultivars, showed the following decreasing rates: ‘Fortuna’, ‘Pollock’, and ‘Wagner’, for both lath house and field grafting. Vegetative development was similar for both methods. However, there were differences among cultivars. In both methods, “lath house-grafting-field” and “field-grafting”, ‘Fortuna’ showed higher development than ‘Wagner’, but similar to ‘Pollock’, and the latter similar to ‘Wagner’. Field survival of plants grafted in the lath house (93%) was higher than of those grafted in the definite site (83%). In both methods, plant survival showed the following decreasing rate: ‘Fortuna’, ‘Pollock’, ‘Wagner’. With regard to the economic point of view, it was shown that the “lath house-grafting-field” method, besides a higher survival rate, also provided a lower cost per grafted plant.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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