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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1986.tde-20240301-154243
Document
Author
Full name
Mara Mercedes de Andréa
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1986
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Metabólitos tóxicos do dissulfoton: comportamento em feijoeiro, no solo e em solução nutriente
Keywords in Portuguese
FEIJÃO
INSETICIDAS
SOLOS
SOLUÇÃO NUTRITIVA
TOXICIDADE
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho estudou-se a absorção, translocação e degradação em feijoeiro de três metabólitos do inseticida dissulfoton-14C provenientes de solução nutriente e de três tipos de solos brasileiros. Os metabólitos, provavelmente sulfóxido, sulfóxido fosforotiolato e sulfona do dissulfoton, foram extraídos da solução nutriente, solos e plantas com solventes orgânicos e quantificados pelo sistema de cintilação líquida. Os extratos orgânicos foram cromatografados em camada delgada e autorradiografados para visualização dos compostos. Plantas e solos também foram submetidos à combustão úmida para determinação dos resíduos ligados aos materiais. Determinou-se que em condições de laboratório quanto maior a adsorção dos metabólitos aos solos menos pôde ser absorvido pelos feijoeiros neles plantados. Embora os valores de adsorção tenham variado pouco, mostraram alguma influência, pois plantas provenientes de solução nutriente apresentaram maiores quantidades de radiocarbono do que as provenientes de solos. Tanto as plantas provenientes de solução nutriente quanto dos solos metabolizaram os compostos aplicados até compostos hidrossolúveis atóxicos. Os metabolismos nas plantas foi rápido o suficiente para não indicar problemas de bioconcentração e contaminação das sementes, porém nos solos os com postos aplicados quase não se dissiparam indicando possiblidade de contaminação do ambiente. Os resíduos ligados nas plantas foram praticamente insignificantes porém nos solos foram crescentes em relação ao tempo e mostraram alguma relação com o conteúdo de matéria orgânica. Concluindo, o perigo potencial do aparecimento de resíduos e consequente contaminação do ambiente pelas plantas que absorveram estes metabólitos parece não existir. Porém, os compostos podem permanecer nos solos e consequentemente poluir o ambiente edáfico.
Title in English
Toxic metabolites of disulfoton: behaviour in bean-seedlings, in soil, and in nutrient solution
Abstract in English
This work dealt with the absorption, translocation and degradation in bean-seedlings of three toxic metabolites of the pesticide 14C-disulfoton from nutrient solution or three different types of Brazilian soils. The metabolites, probably disulfoton sulfoxide, disulfoton oxon sulfoxide, and disulfoton sulfone, were extracted with organic solvents from the nutrient solution, soils and seedlings, and were quantified by liquid scintillation system. The organic extracts were thin-layer chromatographed and autoradiographed to visualization of the compounds. Seedlings and soils were also wet-combusted to determine the bound-residues of the materials. Under laboratory conditions, the higher the soil-sorption of the metabolites the smaller the absorption by the seedlings in these soils. Although the sorption values had varied little, they showed some influence because seedlings from nutrient solution presented higher amounts of radiocarbon than that from soils. Both seedlings from nutrient solution and from soils metabolized internally the applied compounds to the non-toxic water-soluble compounds. The metabolism into the seedlings was fast enough to do not indicate problems of bio-concentration and contamination of the seeds, but the applied compounds did almost not dissipate in the soils indicating a possible environmental contamination. The bound-residues were almost insignificant in the seedlings but increasing in the soils related to time, and showed some relation with the organic matter content of the soils. Concluding, it seems that the potential hazard of residue appearing and consequently environmental contamination represented by the seedlings that absorbed these metabolites does not exist. However, these compounds can remain in the soils and then they could pollute the edaphic environment.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-14
 
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