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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1980.tde-20240522-110311
Document
Author
Full name
Elizabeth Aparecida Baptista
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1980
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Obtenção e caracterização de estirpes do vírus do mosaico dourado do feijoeiro
Keywords in Portuguese
GEMINIVIRUS
CARACTERIZAÇÃO
INSETOS VETORES
MOSCA BRANCA
VÍRUS DO MOSAICO DOURADO DO FEIJOEIRO
Abstract in Portuguese
O conhecimento de estirpes de um vírus é de importância para o estudo de qualquer fitovirose. Serve para estudar as relações de parentesco através de testes de proteção cruzada. Estirpes fracas podem ser usadas para proteger uma planta contra a ação de estirpes mais patogênicas do mesmo vírus, através da premunização, constituindo este um método de controle da moléstia. Foram tentados diferentes métodos para obtenção de estirpes do complexo do vírus do mosaico dourado do feijoeiro (VMDF). O melhor método foi o de seleção de plantas afetadas com o VMDF que apresentavam sintomatologia diferente da comumente induzida pelo complexo normal do vírus. Cinco estirpes do complexo brasileiro do VMDF, segregadas naturalmente, foram selecionadas com base nos sintomas que induzem e estudadas comparativamente em testes com o vetor, a mosca branca Bemisia tabaci. Três das estirpes obtidas (FR-1, FR-2 e FR-pi) induzem sintomas de mosaico fraco; uma estirpe (MO-1) induz sintomas moderados e a quinta estirpe (FO-1) induz sintomas mais severos do que o isolado representativo do complexo normal do vírus (CN-1) da região de Campinas. Estas estirpes se mantiveram constantes após sucessivas inoculações pelo inseto vetor na variedade de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) Preto. Com as estirpes FR-1, FR-2 e FO-1 foram feitas inoculações em diferentes variedades de feijoeiro e nas espécies Phaseolus acutifolius, P. longepedunculatus e P. lunatus. Em todas as variedades e espécies observou-se certo paralelismo na intensidade dos sintomas com cada uma das estirpes inoculadas. Três variedades resistentes ao VMDF, Rosinha G2/69, F3 (TMD1 X Rosinha), TMD1 e a variedade Preto suscetível foram inoculadas com as estirpes FR-1, FO-1 e com o isolado CN-1. Pode-se constatar que não obstante as variedades resistentes apresentarem sintomatologia mais fraca quando infetadas com as diferentes estirpes em relação ao feijoeiro Preto, não houve alteração com relação à estirpe infetante do vírus, pois quando retornadas para o feijoeiro Preto apresentaram a sua sintomatologia característica, confirmando a resistência das três variedades utilizadas e as diferenças sintomatológicas existentes entre as estirpes FR-1, FO-1 e o isolado CN-1. Estudos comparativos com as estirpes FR-1 e FO-1 relacionados com período de aquisição, inoculação e influência do número de insetos na eficiência da transmissão, indicaram não existir diferenças entre ambas quanto aos parâmetros estudados. Foram feitas tentativas de transmissão mecânica com as diferentes estirpes segregadas. Das 300 plantas inoculadas, nenhuma foi infetada, mostrando que as estirpes obtidas não se diferenciam do complexo normal quanto à transmissibilidade mecânica.
Title in English
Separation and differentiation of strains from the Brazilian bean golden mosaic virus complex
Abstract in English
The separation and study of strains of the bean golden mosaic virus was considered of interest as it might lead to the development of methods of studying virus relationships and control measures based on cross protection. Several approaches were tried to separate strains from natural complexes, but selection of plants with different symptom patterns in the field or greenhouse was best. Five strains of the Brazilian bean golden mosaic virus complex, probably resulting from natural segregation, were selected on the basis of symptoms and studied comparatively in tests with the whitefly vector, Bemisia tabaci. Three of the strains studied (FR-1, FR-2, and FR-pi) induced milder symptoms on bean varieties than those induced by the normal complex (CN-1); one strain (MO-1) induced moderate symptoms, and a fifth (FO-1) more severe symptoms than the norm. The relative intensity of the symptoms induced by the five different strains remained constant in successive insect transmission tests from beans to beans, or when they were passed through other susceptible species of Phaseolus and back to beans. No change of symptoms was also noticed when two of the strains (FR-1 and FO-1) and the normal complex (CN-1) were inoculated on resistant bean varieties and then transmitted back from these onto the Preto bean variety. Symptoms induced on the resistant varieties were relatively milder than those on susceptible ones. Differentiation of the different strains has been possible so far only on the basis of symptoms. Tests carried out to compare the strain relationship with the whitefly vector indicated that they do not differ as to time necessary for virus acquisition, time to infect healthy test plants or in efficiency of transmission. Attempts were made to transmit the separated strains by routine methods of mechanical inoculation, extracting the inoculum in presence of 0.02M phosphate buffer and sodium sulfite at the same concentration. Out of 300 test plants that were inoculated, none gave positive results, thus indicating that the strains separated do not behave differently from the normal complexes in this regard. Attempts that were made to isolate other strains by grafts with pieces of leaf tissues showing different symptoms failed to infect the grafted plants in most cases; in the few cases when transmission was positive, the symptoms that appeared were similar to those induced by the normal virus complex. This is considered an indication that the selected leaf pieces probably did not represent a single strain and than others from the normal virus complex were present in them in it and a competitive advantage over the mutants.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-05-22
 
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