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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1982.tde-20240522-110414
Document
Author
Full name
Jose Carlos Duarte Pereira
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1982
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Influência do ritmo de crescimento na densidade da madeira de Pinus elliottii Engelm var. elliottii
Keywords in Portuguese
CRESCIMENTO VEGETAL
DENSIDADE DA MADEIRA
PINHEIRO
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o propósito de investigar-se as variações na densidade da madeira de Pinus elliottii Engelm var. elliottii como decorrência da diferenciação do ritmo de crescimento entre os indivíduos de uma mesma população, gerando subsídios para o aprimoramento da metodologia científica e das práticas silviculturais voltadas ao melhoramento da qualidade da madeira. Compreende dois ensaios. No primeiro deles estudaram-se as correlações entre a densidade básica da madeira a 1,30m do solo e as variáveis altura e DAP de indivíduos abatidos em um talhão de 15 anos localizado em Mogi-Guaçu - SP. O segundo ensaio foi desenvolvido a partir de material coletado, também á altura do peito, de indivíduos de um talhão de 11 anos localizado em Cidreira - RS. Em adição aos procedimentos anteriores, mediram-se as espessuras dos anéis de crescimento e efetuaram-se os levantamentos dos perfís radiais de densidade através da técnica de atenuação de raios gama de baixa energia. A partir desses perfis, determinaram-se as densidades médias relativas a cada anel de crescimento. A análise dos dados relativos ao primeiro ensaio revelou uma alta correlação entre a densidade básica e o ritmo de crescimento, com regressões parciais negativa com o diâmetro e positiva com a altura. Com relação ao segundo ensaio, através de regressões lineares simples entre a densidade e a espessura dos anéis de crescimento formados a uma mesma idade, pôde-se constatar que a influência do ritmo de crescimento na densidade da madeira é função e tende a se acentuar com a idade de formação dos anéis. Embora as correlações entre densidade e espessura dos anéis de crescimento tenham-se revelado significativas para todos aqueles formados a partir do 5º ano, e densidade básica dos discos do segundo ensaio não se correlacionou com as variáveis altura e DAP. Tal fato pode ser explicado pela presença da madeira formada nos primeiros anos de vida da planta, em que o efeito do ritmo de crescimento foi inexpressivo, e pela diluição posterior desse efeito, uma vez que as árvores que produzem os anéis mais espessos em determinado ano nem sempre o fazem nos anos seguintes. Ainda no segundo ensaio, corno resposta ao desbaste, a maioria das arvores da classe de altura inferior mostraram um aumento na densidade máxima do lenho tardio. Embora a maioria das árvores das classes de altura intermediária e superior não evidenciassem um padrão de comportamento diferenciado, algumas - especialmente da classe superior - apresentaram uma redução na densidade máxima do lenho tardio.
Title in English
The effect of growth rate on wood density of Pinus elliottii Engelm var. elliottii
Abstract in English
This paper consists of two experiments. In the first one, 24 trees were cut from a fifteen-year old stand located in Mogi-Guaçu-SP. From each tree a disc was collected at breast height for basic density determinations. In the second experiment, 49 eleven-year old trees were cut from a stand located in Cidreira-RS. From each of them, two discs were collected at breast height. A series of 49 discs was used for basic density determinations. In the average ray position of discs from the other series, growth ring widths were measured and wood density was determined all over their extention by gamma-ray attenuation procedure. Wood density of each ring was then calculated. In both experiments, correlation between basic density of discs and height, and DBH were investigated. In the second one, trees were grouped into three height classes. Average values for ring width were compared between the classes by Duncan test. The same was done for growth ring density values. In addition, growth ring densities and widths were analyzed by linear regression procedure. All the analysis were restricted to rings formed at the same age. This was done for every year after the third one. The first rings were not considered because many trees had not reached the breast height at one or two years of age. In the first experiment, basic density was closely related to growth rate (R2 = 0.5706) with negative partial regression on diameter and positive partial regression on height. In the second experiment, ring width decreased and density increased from pith to bark. Summerwood density increased more than that of springwood. As a response to thinning, most trees of lower height class showed an increase in maximum density of summerwood. Although most medium and upper class trees did not show any response to thinning, some of them ? especially in the upper height class - showed a decrease in maximum density of summerwood. Average ring width by height class differed statistically after the sixth year, and average growth ring density after the eighth. Nevertheless, negative correlation between growth ring width and density became progressively stronger as age increased. Determination coefficients (R2) and interceptation (parameter a̠) increased and angular coefficients (parameter b̠) decreased as age increased. These variations were analyzed by linear regression procedure, the independent variable was the age of growth ring formation. Determination coefficients obtained in these analysis were: 0.93 and 0.99 for parameters a̠ and b̠, and 0.98 for R2. Although rings density and width correlations were significant for all rings formed after the fifth year, equivalent to 80% of discs volume, basic density of discs and height and DBH correlations were not significant. This fact was explained by the presence of the wood in the first growth rings in which growth rate did not affect it considerably, and by the dilution of this effect through the following rings; since the trees which form the largest rings in a year may not do this in the following years.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-05-22
 
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