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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1995.tde-20240603-102134
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Maria Rodrigues Cassiolato
Institute/School/College
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1995
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Parasitismo de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(LIB.) de Bary por mutantes de Trichoderma harzianum RIFAI
Keywords in Portuguese
FITOPATOLOGIA
FITOSSANIDADE
HORTICULTURA
MICROBIOLOGIA AGRÍCOLA
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos a obtenção de mutantes auxotróficos de T. harzianum TW5 e a avaliação do potencial antagônico de mutantes de T. harzianum TW5 e WT-T95 contra S. sclerotiorum. Pelo método de Isolamento Total foram recuperados 28 mutantes morfológicos e nenhum mutante auxotrófico enquanto que pelo método de enriquecimento por filtração foram recuperados 11 mutantes auxotróficos e nenhum mutante morfológico. Os mutantes auxotróficos apresentaram variações quanto ao diâmetro de crescimento e esporulação nos meios de cultivo BDA e Aveia, e apenas o mutante TW5-523 mostrou capacidade para inibir completamente o crescimento micelial de S. sclerotiorum #1. Os mutantes TW5-410 e TW5-523 também mostraram resistência à 1000 e 500ppm do fungicida Benomil, respectivamente. Os mutantes de T. harzianumTW5 e WT-T95 reduziram o número de escleródios formados por S. sclerotiorum, porém não exibiram atividade hiperparasítica sobre escleródios. Com exceção do TW5-2B1, os mutantes produziram os mais altos pesos de matéria seca em presença da fonte de carbono Laminarina. Frente às fontes fibras de algodão, carboximetil celulose, celobiose e glucose, os mutantes mostraram-se superiores à linhagem selvagem TW5. O mutante T95 mostrou-se superior à linhagem selvagem WT-T95 quando em presença da fibra de algodão e da celulose microcristalina. Os mutantes e linhagens selvagens T. harzianium TW5 e WT-T95 exibiram uma alta atividade antagonista de micélio de S. minor sobre aipo, assim como, reduziram o número de estipes e/ou apotécios formados por S. sclerotiorum. O mutante TW5-2B2, seguido por TW5-2B1, TW5-2B6 e T95, comportaram-se como promotores de crescimento de plantas de alface.
Title in English
Parasitism of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (LIB.) de Bary by mutants of Trichoderma harzianum RIFAI
Abstract in English
The objectives of the present research were to obtain auxotrophic mutants of T. harzianum TW5 and to evaluate the antagonistic potential of mutants of T. harzianum against S. sclerotiorum. By Total Isolation method, 28 mutants were recovered and none auxotrophic mutant, and by Filtration Enrichment method, 11 mutants were recovered and none morphologic mutants. The auxotrophic mutants presented variation in regard to growth diameter and sporulation when they were grown in PDA and Oat Meal media. TW5-523 mutant was able to inhibit the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum #1. The TW5-410 and TW5-523 mutants showed resistance to Benomyl at 1000 and 500ppm, respectively. All of the mutants and wild types showed to reduce the sclerotia production by S. sclerotiorum #1, but did not exhibit hyperparasitic activity against sclerotia. Exception for TW5-2B2, the mutants produced significantly higher biomass than the wild type TW5, in Czapeck-Dox broth without saccharose with laminarina as a sole source of carbono All of T. harzianum TW5 mutants produced higher dry weights than its wild types, when ground cotton linter, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellobiose and glucose were used as carbon source. The mutant T95 produced higher dry weights than its wild type, when ground cotton linter and microcrystalline cellulose as carbon source. Benomyl resistant mutants exhibited an antagonistic activity against mycelial of S. minor, on pieces of celery, as well to reduce the stipes and/or apothecia production by S. sclerotiorum #1 and 2, in vitro. TW5-2B2, followed by TW5-2B1, TW5-2B6 e T95, amendmented on the substrate, showed to enhance the lettuce plant growth.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-06-03
 
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