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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1981.tde-20220207-164109
Document
Author
Full name
Orghêda Luiza Araujo Domingues Zucchi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1981
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Equipamentos nucleares na determinação dos coeficientes de atenuação de massa de solos e da água
Keywords in Portuguese
ÁGUA DO SOLO
COEFICIENTES DE ATENUAÇÃO DE MASSA
EQUIPAMENTOS NUCLEARES
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o intuito de se difundir e facilitar o uso da técnica de atenuação da radiação gama, foi desenvolvido um estudo para se determinar a viabilidade de substituição do espectrômetro gama monocanal, tradicionalmente usado nesta técnica, por um sistema de contagem integral de custo mais baixo, capaz de ser operado por pessoal com menor especialização. Fez-se um estudo da determinação dos coeficientes de atenuação de massa para vários tipos de solo e para agua, empregando-se três sistemas de detecção: (1) espectrômetro gama monocanal, operando em contagem no fotopico (0,66 ± 0,07 MeV); (2) operando em contagem integral (0,1 a 1,0 MeV) e (3) um scaler conectado diretamente a fotomultiplicadora. Também foi levado em consideração a eliminação dos raios-X de 32 keV proveniente do Ba-137m, raios gama retroespalhados na blindagem e na fonte e a correção do tempo morto. Concluiu-se que a substituição do espectrômetro gama monocanal pelo scaler é perfeitamente viável.
Title in English
Nuclear equipment to determine soil and water mass attenuation coefficients
Abstract in English
A study was carried out to determine the feasibility of substituting the monochannel gamma spectrometer, traditionally used in the gamm ray attenuation technique, for a less sophisticated and less expensive system of integral counting, which could be operated by a non-special ized person. This was done to make this technique better known·and used. Three detection systems were used in the determination of the mass attenuation coefficients for different types of soil and for water: (1) monochannel gamma spectrometer, operating at photopeak counting (0.66 ± 0.07 MeV) (2) operating at integral counting (0.1 - 1.0 MeV), and (3) a scaler directly connected to the photomultiplier. Also taken into consideration were: the elimination of X-rays of 32 keV from the Ba-137m, gamma-rays back-scattering in the shield and in the source, and correction of dead time. After analysis of the results we came to the conclusion that it is perfectly feasible to substitute the monochannel gamma spectrometer for the system using a scaler.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-07
 
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