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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-20200111-134446
Document
Author
Full name
Palmira Regina Righetto Rolim
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1991
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (sensu ARX, 1957) em seringueira (Hevea spp.): identificação, patogenicidade e controle
Keywords in Portuguese
ANTRACNOSE
FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS
SERINGUEIRA
Abstract in Portuguese
Diante da crescente incidência de antracnose em Hevea spp., ocorrendo principalmente em painel de sangria, e tendo sido relatadas três espécies do gênero Colletotrichum associadas a essa cultura, os objetivos do trabalho foram: identificar a espécie de Colletotrichum sp. isolado de seringueira; conhecer a incidência desse fungo em sementes e látex; determinar a patogenicidade de Colletotrichum sp. a clones recomendados para o Sudeste brasileiro; e selecionar fungicidas visando o controle da antracnose. Testes de sanidade de sementes e plaqueamento de látex apontaram presença de fungos do gênero Colletotrichum, cujos isolados foram incluídos no estudos posteriores. Isolados de folha, ramo, painel de sangria, colo, sementes e látex de seringueira, de diversas localidades, foram obtidos e estudados sob aspectos culturais, morfológicos, de patogenicidade e sensibilidade a fungicidas. Evidenciou-se a grande variabilidade existente entre os isolados, sob as diversas caracteristicas estudadas. Entretanto, todos os isolados foram identificados como pertencendo à espécie C. gloeosporioides (sensu ARX, 1957). A presença de ferimento em ramos verdes inoculados mostrou ser altamente favorável ao aumento da severidade de antracnose. A inoculação em caule verde demonstrou maior suscetibilidade do clone RRIM 600, em relaçãoao Fx 3028. Os clones GT 1, IAN 873 e PB 235 não diferiram estatisticamente de ambos. Inoculações efetuadas em discos foliares de sete clones, com três isolados, indicaram a existência de interação significativa entre isolados e clones, sendo que, em média, o RRIM 600 foi o menos infectado em tecido foliar e Fx3028 e GT1, os mais infectados. Os fungicidas procloraz, propiconazole e tebuconazote inibiram completamente o crescimento micelial dos isolados, in vitro, a partir de 100 ppm e anilazine , a partir de 100 ppm. Pulverizações de painel de sangria com tebuconazole na dose de 400 ml/100 l de água, em intervalos de duas semanas, reduziram a severidade de antracnose.
Title in English
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (sensu ARX, 1957) on rubber tree (Hevea spp.): identification, pathogenicity and control
Abstract in English
ln order to control the increasing incidence of anthracnosis on Hevea spp. occurring mainly on tapping pannel, and having been related three species of Colletotrichum infecting rubbertree, the purposes of the research were: to identify the species of Colletotrichum isolated from Hevea spp; to know the incidence of this fungus on seeds and latex; to determine its pathogenicity to clones recommended for Brazilian South Eastern region; and to select fungicides for anthacnosis control. Seed pathology and latex tests revealed the incidence of Colletotrichum and the isolates obtained were included in later studies. lsolates of the pathogen were obtained from leaves, stems, tapping pannels, seeds and latex, from several localities and studied as to cultural, morphologic, pathogenic and fungicida sensitivity aspects. Evidence on the great variability among pathogenic isolates as to various aspects was recorded. Even so, all of the isolates were identified as belonging to the species C. gloeosporioides (sensu ARX, 1957). Woundings on inoculated green branches showed to be highly favourable to increase anthacnosis severity. lnoculation on green stem evidenced higher susceptibifity of RRIM 600 clone than Fx 3028. GT 1, IAN 873 and PB 235 clones did not statistically differ from both. lnoculations on foliar discs of seven clones with three isolates indicated the existence of significant interaction between isolates and clones and revealed RRIM 600 as the least infected and GT 1 and Fx 3028 as the most ones.Prochloraz, propiconazole and tebuconazole completely inhibited micelial growth of isolates, even at 10 ppm dosis. Anilazine completely inhibited at 100 ppm. Sprayings of tapping pannei with tebuconazole at 400 ml/100 l at two week intervals reduced anthracnosis severity.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-11
 
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