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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1986.tde-20210104-155848
Document
Author
Full name
Ivan Paulo Bedendo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1986
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Persistência de benomyl em mudas de Eucalyptus cloeziana e E. grandis aplicado em tratamento de solo e pulverização foliar
Keywords in Portuguese
EUCALIPTO
MUDAS
PULVERIZAÇÃO FOLIAR
RESÍDUOS DE FUNGICIDAS
Abstract in Portuguese
Ensaios foram conduzidos visando estudar a absorção, translocação e persistência de benomyl, aplicado ao solo, em mudas de Eucaluptus. A persistência deste fungicida, em aplicação foliar, foi avaliada em comparação com o fungicida protetor chlorothalonil. Os fungicidas benomyl e chlorothalonil foram fungitóxicos a Cylindrocladium sp., escolhido como fungo teste. O crescimento micelial em BDA foi inibido totalmente a 10 ppm de benomyl, enquanto que 100 ppm de chlorothalonil não relação promoveu inibição completa, apesar de reduzir em 60% o crescimento em a testemunha. A germinação de esporos foi completamente inibida a 10 ppm de chlorothalonil e 100 ppm de benomyl, em suspensão aquosa. Através da técnica da folha destacada foi demonstrada a eficiente absorção e translocação do benomyl em plantas de Eucalyptus grandis e de E. cloeziana, quando o fungicida foi incorporado ao solo na dose de 8 g/m2. A persistência de benomyl e o seu efeito sobre a doença induzida nas folhas destacadas, foram estudados em plantas de E. cloeziana cultivadas em solo tratado em pré-semeadura com 1, 2, 4 e 8 g de benomyl/m2. Utilizando a técnica da folha destacada, benomyl, em todas as doses, foi eficiente no controle do fungo sendo a sua persistência detectada até aos 53 dias após a semeadura. As doses de 2, 4 e 8 g/ m2 mantiveram a doença em níveis mais baixos quando comparadas com·a dose de 1 g/m m2. Quando incorporado ao solo, benomyl na dose de 8 g/m2 foi fitotóxico a plantas de E. cloeziana amostradas aos 60 dias após a semeadura. A fitotoxidez foi evidenciada por clorose marginal e internerval e pela redução no peso da matéria fresca de plantas. A persistência de benomyl (0,5 g/l) e de chlorothalonil (2 g/l), utilizados na forma de pulverização foliar (1.000 l/ha) aos 30 dias após a semeadura, foi de até 11 e 9 dias, respectivamente, quando avaliada, através da técnica de folha destacada em plantas de E. cloeziana lavadas em água corrente por dois minutos, logo após a amostragem.
Title in English
Persistence of benomyl in seedlings of Eucalyptus cloeziana and E. grandis after soil and foliar application
Keywords in English

Abstract in English
Trials were carried out to test the absorption, translocation and persistence of benomyl in seedlings of Eucalyptus after soil application. Persistence after foliar application of this fungicide was evaluated in comparison to chlorothalonil, as a protectant fungicide. Benomyl and chlorothalonil were toxic to Cylindrocladium which was used as the fungus test. Mycelial growth in potato-dextrose-agar was completely inhibited at the concentration of 10 ppm of benomyl, whereas 100 ppm of chlorothalonil did not promote complete inhibition of the fungus. Chlorothalonil reduced growth by 60% in relation to the control at the concentration of 100 ppm. Conidium germination was completely inhibited at 10 ppm of chlorothalonil and 100 ppm of benomyl in water suspension. Detached leaf technique trials showed efficient absorption and translocation of benomyl in E. grandis and E. cloeziana seedlings after soil incorporation at the concentration of 8 g/m2. Persistence of benomyl, evaluated by the degree of disease severity in detached inoculated leaves, was verified in seedlings of E. cloeziana grown in soil treated before seeding at the doses of 1, 2, 4 and 8 g/ m2, until 53 days after seedling. Doses of 2, 4 and 8 g/m m2 were more efficient than the dose of 1 g/m2 in reducing the amount of disease in the leaves. Dose of 8 g/m2, however, was phytotoxic, resulting in marginal and interveinal chlorosis of the leaves and in reduction of the fresh matter weight of the seedlings. Foliar application of benomyl (0,5 g/l) and chlorothalonil (2 g/l) sprayed at the dose of 1.000 liters/ha on seedlings of E. cloeziana, 30 days after seeding showed a persistence of 11 and 9 days, respectively, in leaves that were washed under running tap water immediately after sampling and before inoculation with the fungus test.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-01-07
 
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