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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1984.tde-20220207-174449
Document
Author
Full name
Anne-Lore Schroeder
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1983
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Formação de picnídios, patogenicidade e morfologia de Hendersonula toruloidea Nattrass, associada a algumas plantas frutíferas
Keywords in Portuguese
FRUTAS
FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS
MORFOLOGIA
PATOGENICIDADE
PICNÍDIOS
PODRIDÃO PEDUNCULAR
Abstract in Portuguese
Fungos do gênero Hendersonula constantemente associados à mumificação de goiabas e morte dos ponteiros de figueira e goiabeira, foram estudados morfologicamente e identificados como sendo H. toruloidea Nattrass. Mediram-se os picnidiósporos hialinos de cinco isolados, variando em média de 14,1 a l8,9 μm de comprimento e 4,8 a 6,9 μm de largura. Alguns picnidiósporos bisseptados sempre foram encontrados nestes isolados. A temperatura ótima para o crescimento micelial desta espécie em meio de BDA está entre 25-30°C, ocorrendo completa inibição aos 40°C. A luz fluorescente contínua favoreceu o crescimento do micélio, independentemente do meio de cultura utilizado. A esporulação foi estimulada pelo ferimento no micélio com um fura-rolha, quando incubado sob luz florescente contínua. O maior número de picnídios ocorreu no meio sabouraud-maltose-ágar (SMA), quando se efetuaram ferimentos no micélio. A esporulação também foi aumentada pela superposição do papel de filtro na superfície dos meios. Nestas condições, os meios de Czapek e de batata-cenoura-ágar e as fontes de carbono e nitrogênio, maltose e nitrato de sódio, respectivamente, deram os melhores resultados. A relação C/N influiu no tipo e número de picnídios. Com relação à patogenicidade dos diferentes isolados testados, houve variaçao significativa entre eles. Os métodos de inoculações através de ferimentos nos hospedeiros (figueira) e de folha-destacada deram resultados satisfatórios. A mumificação de frutos de goiaba foi obtida em frutos destacados da planta.
Title in English
Pycnidia formation, pathogenicity ano morphology of Hendersonula toruloidea Nattrass, associated to some fruit trees
Abstract in English
Fungi of genus Hendersonula, constantly associated to mumification of guava fruits and to diebacks of guava and fig plants, were morphologically studied and identified as H. toruloidea Nattrass. Non-septate, hyaline picnidiospores of 5 isolates measured in average 14.1 to 18.9 μm long and 4.8 to 6.9 μm in diameter. Some dark biseptate spores were also found. The optimal temperature for micelial growth of this species in potato-dextrose-agar was observed to be within the range of 25-30°C. Complete inhibition of growth occurred at 40°C. Continous fluorescent light favored micelial growth independently of the culture medium used. Sporulation of H. toruloidea was stimulated by cutting the rnicelium with a cork borer when incubation was performed under fluorescent light. The greatest number of pycnidia occurred in sabouraud maltose-agar (SMA) when miceliurn wounding was performed. Sporulation was also enhanced by placing a piece of paper on the mediurn surface. Under this condition, Czapeks and potato-carrot-agar were the best media for sporulation. The best sources of nitrogen and carbon were sodium nitrate and maltose, respectively. The C/N ratio influenced on the pycnidia type and number of pycnidio. With respect to the pathogenicity of the different isolates tested, there was a significant variation among them. Inoculation techniques involving wounding of the fig branches of young plants and the method of the detached leaf gave satisfactory results. Mumification was reproduced in detached guava fruits.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-07
 
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