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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1978.tde-20231122-100356
Document
Author
Full name
Auri Alaécio Simplício
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1978
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Reações em milho (Zea mays, L.) a Helminthosporium maydis Nisikado & Miyake
Keywords in Portuguese
FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS
MANCHA FOLIAR
MILHO
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve por finalidades: identificar um isolado de Helminthosporium maydis Nisikado e Miyake a nível de raça; determinar fontes de resistência em plantas de milho; estudar a capacidade de esporulação do patógeno “IN VIVO” e verificar os aspectos morfológicos do isolado em estudo. A identificação do isolado a nível de raça foi realizado, baseando-se no tipo de reação induzida em híbridos com citoplasmas T, C e normal, não tendo sido observada qualquer especificidade do isolado por determinado citoplasma, sendo, portanto, o isolado identificado como pertencente à raça O. O estudo para determinação de fontes de resistência foi realizado em linhagens pertencentes a dois compostos de milho e na variedade Centralmex. A reação de resistência observada se caracterizou por pontos cloróticos, tipo “flecks”, e pequenas lesões cloróticas necróticas, enquanto que do tipo suscetível se revelou como lesões necróticas de formato retangular limitadas pelas nervuras. Na maioria das linhagens, a reação observada variou de suscetível a moderadamente resistente, tendo sido detectado uma linhagem com alto grau de resistência. A variedade Centralmex revelou segregação para o caráter de resistência. No tocante à esporulação “IN VIVO” observada em diferentes tipos de lesões, foi verificado que há uma relação entre o tipo de reação induzida pelo isolado e o período requerido para esporulação sob condição de umidade elevada, constatando-se que lesões do tipo resistente apresentavam esporulação no período de 72 horas de incubação, ao passo que lesões do tipo suscetível com 48 horas de incubação nas mesmas condições já apresentavam esporulação abundante. A determinação dos aspectos morfológicos dos conídios, comprimento, largura, em µm, curvatura e septação, foi realizado em conídios obtidos mediante esporulação em tecido foliar, revelando tratar-se de um isolado de H. maydis.
Title in English
Not available
Abstract in English
This study was carried out with the following objectives in mind: to identify an isolate of Helminthosporium maydis Nisikado & Miyake at the race level; to determine sources of resistance in corn plants; to study sporulation capacity of the pathogen “IN VIVO”, and to verify morphological aspects of the isolate under consideration. The identification of the isolate at race level was realized based on the type of reaction induced in corn hybrids with T, C and normal cytoplasm’s, no specificity was demonstrated by the pathogen to any of the above cytoplasm’s and therefore it was identified as belonging to race O. Determination of sources of resistance was carried out in lineages belonging to two artificial populations and variety Centralmex. The resistance reaction observed was characterized by “flecks” type chlorotic points, and small lesions which were chlorotic and necrotic at the same time. Meanwhile the susceptible types showed necrotic lesions, rectangular in shape and bordered by the veins. The reaction observed in most lineages ranged groom susceptible to moderately resistant, only one lineage was found to possess a high degree of resistance. Variety Centralmex showed segregation for the resistance character. The relation to sporulation “IN VIVO” observed in different types of lesions, it was shown that there exists a relationship between the type of reaction induced by the isolate and the period required for sporulation under high humidity conditions it was verified, that lesion types in resistant hosts showed sporulation after a period of 72 hours of incubation under high humidity conditions, whereas susceptible type lesions presented abundant sporulation after 48 hours of incubation, under similar conditions. Determination of the morphological aspects of conidia, i.e length, width, in µm, curvature and septation was conducted through sporulation in leaf tissue, which proved to be an H. maydis isolate.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-24
 
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