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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191108-124531
Document
Author
Full name
Adriana Teramoto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2003
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeito de diferentes sistemas de irrigação sobre a disseminação de Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria em mudas de tomate
Keywords in Portuguese
BACTÉRIAS FITOPATOGÊNICAS
CULTIVO EM BANDEJA
IRRIGAÇÃO
MANCHA BACTERIANA
MUDAS
PRODUÇÃO
TOMATE
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o objetivo de avaliar a disseminação de Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria em mudas de tomate, produzidas no sistema de bandejas de isopor, utilizando-se sistemas de irrigação por nebulização, microaspersão e 'floating' , realizou-se o presente trabalho no Setor Horta do Departamento de Produção Vegetal , da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz". Para a produção de mudas, que ocorreu em ambiente protegido, foram utilizadas bandejas com 128 células preenchidas com um substrato comercial. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 3 repetições, no esquema fatorial de 3 x 2, sendo um dos fatores os sistemas de irrigação e o outro, as variedades de tomate. Cada parcela experimental (bandeja) recebeu conforme o tratamento, 2% de sementes inoculadas ou 1% de mudas inoculadas ou ainda 1% de sementes inoculadas e 1% de mudas inoculadas, como fonte de inóculo primário. Quando as mudas encontravam-se no ponto de transplantio para o campo (4 a 5 folhas definitivas e com 10 a 15cm de altura), foram amostradas 10 mudas de cada parcela, com a finalidade de detectar a presença de Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria, nas folhas das mesmas. Para tanto, foi utilizado o meio semi-seletivo Tween, que quando em presença da bactéria estudada, formou um halo esbranquiçado ao redor da colônia. Após isolamento das colônias, foram realizados testes de patogenicidade em mudas de tomate com 20 dias após a semeadura. Se a suspensão contendo a bactéria isolada e inoculada era patogênica, depois de uns 10 a 15 dias surgiram sintomas típicos da mancha bacteriana nas folhas das mudas. Caso contrário, as mudas mantinham-se sadias. No tratamento com sementes inoculadas, não se verificou a presença da bactéria em nenhum dos sistemas de irrigação, assim como no tratamento com as mudas inoculadas. A ação de 4 defensivos foi verificada também (oxitetraciclina associado com sulfato de estreptomicina; ) oxitetraciclina associado com cobre tribásico; oxitetraciclina e mancozeb associado com oxicloreto de cobre) no sistema de irrigação por nebulização, sendo que, tanto o oxitetraciclina associado com sulfato de estreptomicina, quanto o oxitetraciclina associado com cobre tribásico, mostraram-se sem incidência da bactéria, o oxitetraciclina com 7% e, o mancozeb associado com oxicloreto de cobre, com 27% de incidência de Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria
Title in English
Effect of different irrigation system on spread of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria in tomato seedlings
Abstract in English
The spread of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria was evaluated in tomato seedlings produced in trays, under fog, sprinkling and floating irrigation systems. This experiment was carried out at Plant Production Department of Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" – Universidade de São Paulo - ESALQ-USP. Trays with 128 cells were used to produce seedlings in a greenhouse, with a commercial substrate. The experimental design was a completely randomized, with 3 replications, in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. One of these factors was the irrigation systems and the other, the tomato varieties. The experimental plot (tray) received 2% of inoculated seeds or 1 % of inoculated seedlings or 1 % of inoculated seeds and seedlings, as source of initial incidence of the Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria . Then, when seedlings were ready to be transplanted in the field (4-5 truth leaves and 10-15cm of height), it was collected 10 seedlings of each parcel to detect the bacteria in the seedlings leaves. The semi-selective media was used to the detection of the bacteria. When the bacteria were present, zones of white crystals surrounded the yellow colonies. After isolating these colonies, was made pathogenic tests in tomato seedlings, which were 20 days after sowing. In the case of pathogenic bacteria, appeared typical symptoms of bacterial spot in the leaves of inoculated seedlings, 10 to 15 days after inoculation with the bacteria suspension. On the other hand, if the bacteria inoculated were not pathogenic, the seedlings grew healthy. There were no bacteria in any irrigation system, neither in the treatment of inoculated seeds nor in the inoculated seedlings. Four chemicals (oxitetracycline plus streptomycin sulphate; oxitetracycline plus tribasic copper; oxitetracycline and mancozeb plus copper oxychloride) was evaluated to control Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria, under fog irrigation system, in tomato seedlings with 1 % of inoculated seeds and seedlings as initial incidence of the bacteria. Oxitetracycline plus streptomycin sulphate and oxitetracycline plus tribasic copper did not have any bacteria, oxitetracycline had 7% and mancozeb plus copper oxychloride had 27% of incidence of the bacteria.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-11-08
 
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