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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2019.tde-20191220-122957
Document
Author
Full name
Francisco Amaral Villela
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1991
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos da secagem intermitente sobre a qualidade de sementes de milho
Keywords in Portuguese
MILHO
QUALIDADE
SECAGEM
SEMENTES
TEMPERATURA ATMOSFÉRICA
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivando determinar as curvas de secagem e avaliar os efeitos de diferentes temperaturas do ar sobre a qualidade de sementes de milho, do híbrido duplo AG-162, durante a secagem, foi conduzido em Santa Cruz das Palmeiras e em Piracicaba, São Paulo. O presente trabalho dividido em três Estudos, denominados 1, 2 e 3. Cada Estudo envolveu três tratamentos de secagem: secagem natural, secagem artificial-natural e secagem artificial. Nas secagens artificial-natural e artificial dos três Estudos foram utilizadas, respectivamente, as temperaturas do ar de 70, 80 e 90°C, durante o processo denominado artificial (secagem intermitente). Durante a secagem intermitente, foi monitorado o teor de água das sementes para a posterior determinação das curvas de secagem. As sementes, após a secagem, foram armazenadas por seis meses e seu comportamento avaliado em quatro épocas bimestrais, através da determinação do teor de água e dos testes de germinação, envelhecimento rápido e frio sem solo. Para a identificação de sementes com danos mecânicos, na primeira época, foram conduzidos o teste de coloração de tintura de iodo, o exame de sementes com dano mecânico visível e a determinação do total de impurezas. Na primeira e quarta épocas, foram realizados o exame de sementes infestadas e os testes de sanidade e de emergência em campo. A análise e a interpretação dos resultados, considerando temperaturas do ar de secagem de 70, 80 e 90°C e reduções do teor de água de 16,5 para 13,0%, permitiram as seguintes conclusões: - A secagem intermitente não causa efeitos prejudiciais à qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho; - A incidência de Penicillium spp. em sementes de milho pode ser reduzida com o emprego da secagem intermitente; - As curvas de secagem de sementes de milho, na secagem intermitente podem ser representadas por funções lineares; - O aumento da velocidade de secagem e a redução do tempo total de exposição das sementes ao ar aquecido podem ser obtidos pela elevação da temperatura do ar de secagem.
Title in English
Effects of intermittent drying on the quality of maize seed
Abstract in English
The objective of this work was the determination of the drying curve and the evaluation of the effects of different air temperatures on the quality of maize seeds, double hybrid AG-162, during the drying process. It was carried out in Santa Cruz das Palmeiras and Piracicaba, São Paulo, with three studies named 1, 2 and 3. Each study was made up of three drying treatments: natural drying, artificial-natural drying and artificial drying. In the artificial-natural drying and in the artificial drying on three studies, air temperatures at 70, 80 and 90°C were used, respectively, during the process named artificial (intermittent drying). During the intermittent drying, the moisture content of the seeds was monitored for further determination of the drying curve. After the drying process, the seeds were stored during six months and evaluations were carried out in four times every two months, by the determination of moisture content and germination, accelerated aging and cold without soil tests. In the first period, the identification of mechanically damaged seeds was determined by the iodine coloration drying test, examination of visible mechanically damaged seeds and determination of total impurity. In the first and fourth periods seed infestation, seed health and field emergence tests were put into effect. Considering the drying process temperature at 70, 80 and 90°C and the moisture content reducing from 16,5% to 13,0%, the conclusions were as follows: -The intermittent drying did not cause prejudicial effects on the physiological quality of maize seeds; - The Penicillium spp. incidence on maize seeds may be reduced by means of intermittent drying; - The maize seeds drying curve for the intermittent drying process may be represented by linear functions; - The increase of the drying speed and the reduction of total time of seeds exposition in hot air may be achieved by the elevation of the drying air temperature.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-20
 
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