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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1999.tde-20220208-103927
Document
Author
Full name
Walter Geremias Rodriguez Robles
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1999
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização biométrica da inflorescência e frutos em algumas variedades de mangueira (Mangifera indica L.)
Keywords in Portuguese
BIOMETRIA
INFLORESCÊNCIA
MANGA
VARIEDADES VEGETAIS
Abstract in Portuguese
Avaliou-se a inflorescência e frutos de variedades de mangueiras, relacionadas à disposição geográfica, permitindo assim observar o potencial produtivo nas condições do estado de São Paulo. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, no pomar do Departamento de Horticultura, no município de Piracicaba-SP, com altitude de 540 m, latitude de 22°43S e longitude 47°38W, sendo o clima da região tropical úmido. Foram utilizados 12 variedades de mangueira (Mangifera indica L.), sendo 11 norte-americanas: Tommy Atkins, Smith, Keitt, Adams, Kent, 'Sensation, Regina, Invin, Pope, Zilr, Mommyk e uma brasileira Oliveira Neto. As plantas com 18 anos de idade estavam arranjadas no espaçamento de 10,0 x 8,0 m e foram mantidas com roçagem nas entrelinhas e podas de limpeza na copa. Utilizaram-se duas plantas por variedade, com suas copas divididas em quatro quadrantes: Norte, Sul, Leste e Oeste; procedeu-se as avaliações em dois períodos 1997/1998 (Ano 1) e 1998/1999 (Ano 2), perfazendo 192 sub-parcelas. Foram mensurados nestes períodos os parâmetros: número de panícula (NTP A), número de frutos (NFR) e massa dos frutos (MFR). No Ano 2 foram estimados o percentual de flores férteis (%FF) e de frutos em relação às flores hermafroditas (%FR/FF). Ainda, incluiu-se o fator seção da panícula com três níveis: basal, medial e apical, calculando-se os percentuais de flores/seção e percentuais de flores hermafroditas por total de flores (%FF/TFLS). O delineamento experimental para análise das variâncias do número de panículas e frutos, massa dos frutos, percentagem de flores/seção e de flores hermafroditas por total de flores/seção, foi o inteiramente ao acaso com parcelas sub-subdivididas. Para análise do percentual de flores férteis e frutos em relação às flores hermafroditas adotou-se o inteiramente ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas. Nas condições de Piracicaba-SP, concluiu-se que as variedades Smith, Oliveira Neto e Tomrny Atkins apresentaram maiores razões médias (1,36; 1,07 e 0,81, respectivamente) entre quantidade de frutos em relação ao percentual de flores férteis. Observou-se maior quantidade de flores férteis na região apical, destacando-se Sensation, Pope e Oliveira Neto. O quadrante Norte destacou-se em relação ao número de panículas, flores férteis e número de frutos. Entretanto, não houve influência dos quadrantes em relação à massa dos frutos e seções das panículas. As variedades Oliveira Neto e Tommy Atkins quando combinados os fatores número (443, 75; 197,0 frutos/planta) e massa (263,43; 548,82g/fruto) dos frutos, respectivamente, destacam-se em relação as demais variedades.
Title in English
Biometrical characteriza tion of inflorescence and fruits in some varieties of mangoes (Mangifera indica L.)
Abstract in English
It Was evaluated the inflorescence and fruits in twelve varieties, related to the geographical disposition, allowing like this to observe the productive potential in the conditions of the State of São Paulo. The experiment was conduced in the Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, in the orchard of the Department of Horticulture, at Piracicaba county, São Paulo State, Brazil, with altitude of 540 m, latitude of 22°43S and longitude 47°38W, being the area climate classified as tropical humid. 12 varieties were used, being l l North American: Tommy Atkins, Smith, Keitt, Adams, Kent, Sensation, Regina, Invin, Pope, Zill, Mommyk and one Brazilian Oliveira Neto. The plants with 18 years of age were cultivated in the spacing of 10,0 x 8,0 m and they were maintained with rubbing in the interlines and prunings of cleaning in the cup. Two plants were used by variety, with its cups divided in four quadrants: North, South, East and West; it was proceeded the evaluations in two periods 1997/1998 (Year 1) and 1998/1999 (Year 2), wiht 192 sub-portions in the total. They were measured in these periods the parameters: panicles number, number of fruits and mass of the fruits. ln the Y ear 2 they were dear the percentage of fertile flowers and of fruits in relation to the hermaphrodite flowers. Still, the factor section of the panicle was included with three levels: basal, middle and apex, being calculated the percentage of flowers and percentage of hermaphrodite flowers for total of flowers, in the respective sections. The experimental delineamento for analysis of the variances of the panicles number and fruits, mass of the fruits, flowers/section percentage and of hermaphrodite flowers for flowers/section total, it went entirely randomized to the ,vith sub-subdivided portions. For analysis of the percentile of fertile flowers and fruits in relation to the hermaphrodite flowers was adopted entirely randomized to the with sub-divided portions. In the experimental conditions ít is ended that the varieties Smith, Oliveira Neto and Tommy Atkins presented larger reasons average (1,36; 1,07 and 0,81, respectively) among amount of fruits in relation to the percentage of fertile flowers. The studied varieties present larger amount of fertile flowers in the area apex, standing out Sensation, Pope and Oliveira Neto. The North quadrant stood out in relation to the panicle number, fertile flowers and number of fruits. However, there was not influence of the quadrants in relation to mass of the fruits and sections of the panicle. The varieties Oliveira Neto and Tommy Atkins when combined the factors number (443, 75; 197,0 fruits/plant) and mass (263,43; 548,82 g/fruit) of the fruits, respectively, they stand out in relation to the other varieties.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-08
 
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