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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191108-113744
Document
Author
Full name
Roberto Cury
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1993
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Dinâmica evolutiva e caracterização de germoplasma de mandioca (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) na agricultura autóctone do Sul do Estado de São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
GERMOPLASMA VEGETAL
MANDIOCA
Abstract in Portuguese
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: a) identificar e caracterizar áreas de agricultura autóctone, cujas técnicas remontam ao período pré-colonial, no Estado de São Paulo; b) coletar e caracterizar através de descritores botânico-agronômicos o germoplasma de Manihot esculenta nestas áreas; c) avaliar através de técnicas multivariadas a real diversidade do germoplasma cultivado; d) otimizar o conjunto de descritores botânico-agronômicos inicialmente utilizado; e) estabelecer um modelo para o estudo da dinâmica evolutiva de Manihot esculenta, Crantz na agricultura autóctone. Identificaram-se e caracterizaram-se quatro áreas: Icapara e Pedrinhas no litoral sul, habitada por caiçaras; e São Pedro e Ivaporunduva no Vale do Ribeira, habitada por negros. Em um total de sete roças amostradas, foram coletados pelo menos 24 cultivares geneticamente distintos, divididos em pelo menos quatro grupos fenéticos distintos. As técnicas multivariadas também revelaram que não há entre sinonímias quanto ao nome local e identidade genética e também não há relação entre ambiente de coleta (local) e grupos fenéticos. Os descritores botânico-agronômicos inicialmente utilizados foram reduzidos em 30% sem perda significativa de informações. Propõe-se ainda um modelo da dinâmica evolutiva de Manihot esculenta, Crantz no sistema de agricultura autóctone, que mantém e amplifica a variabilidade intraespecífica através da ação de mutação, recombinação e fluxo gênico.
Title in English
Evolutionary dynamics and characterization of cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) germplasm in shifting cultivation areas of the Southern São Paulo State
Abstract in English
The objectives of this work were: a) to identify and describe, areas of shifting cultivation in the State of S. Paulo, Brazil; b) to collect and describe through botanical and agronomic characters, the cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) germplasm from these areas; c) to evaluate through multivariate analysis the diversity of this germplasm; d) to maximize the totality of the botanical and agronomic characters initially utilized; e) to establish a model for the study of evolutionary dynamics of cassava in shifting cultivation. Four areas of study were identified and described: Icapara and Pedrinhas in the southern coast of the State of S. Paulo ("caiçaras" vi11ages), and S. Pedro and Ivaporunduva in the Ribeira Valley (black people villages). Twenty four geneticaly distinct cultivars of cassava were collected in seven cleared areas of cultivation. They were grouped into four distinct phenetic groups. The multivariate techniques showed that there was no relation among sinonymies, in relation to the local names and genetic identity. The same situation occured in relation to location of collection and phenetic groups. The botanical and agronomic descriptors utilized initia1ly were reduced by 30%, without loss of informations. A model of evolutionary dynamics of cassava was proposed in the situation of shifting cu1tivation, related to the maintenance and amp1ification of intraespecific variability through mutation, recombination and gene flow.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-11-08
 
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