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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191218-145501
Document
Author
Full name
Maisa Pimentel Martins
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1988
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Potencial antagônico de espécies de Trichoderma contra Verticillium dahliae Kleb. em berinjela (Solanum melongena L.)
Keywords in Portuguese
BERINJELA
CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO
FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS
MURCHA DE VERTICILLIUM
TRICHODERMA
Abstract in Portuguese
Buscando meios alternativos para o controle da murcha verticilar causada por V. dahliae Kleb. elaborou-se este estudo que teve como objetivos verificar o potencial antagônico de espécies de Trichoderma no controle de V. dahliae in vitro para posterior emprego nos testes in vivo e em condições de campo; estudar a sobrevivência dos agentes de biocontrole em solo natural e autoclavado; verificar o potencial dos antagonistas na germinação de sementes e no desenvolvimento de plantas. Os isolados de T. koningii (Tw6 e CNP311A); T. viride (T15P e Tal-I) e T. harzianum (CNP17 e TCII) foram eficientes na redução do inóculo de V. dahliae in vitro. A faixa ótima de temperatura para desenvolvimento e produção de metabólitos foi de 28°C e em relação aos pHs testados verificou-se que os antagonistas não mostraram comportamento diferencial quanto ao seu crescimento. Entretanto, a produção de metabó1itos foi favorecida em pH 4,5. Os isolados de T. koningii e T. viride inibiram o crescimento de V. dahliae pela produção de metabólitos voláteis, além desses isolados serem também inibidos pelos próprios metabólitos. A germinação de sementes de berinjela foi favorecida pela presença de antagonistas em solo natural, apesar de concentrações mais altas do inóculo inibirem a emergência de plântulas. T. koningii (Tw6) proporcionou o maior tamanho de plantas e peso seco de plantas. Os isolados T15P, Tal-I; CNP311A e Tw6 sobreviveram em solo natural durante 210 dias. A quantidade de inóculo de V. dahliae foi drasticamente reduzida pelo isolado CNP17 (T. harzianum) e neste caso, o biocontrole pode ser efetivo em condições naturais de campo.
Title in English
Antagonistic potential of Trichoderma species against Verticillium dahlia Kleb. in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Abstract in English
The objective of the present study was to identify the potential of species of Trichoderma to control Verticillium wilt in eggplant. The following related points were considered: the antagonistic potential of Trichoderma species against V. dahlia in vitro and in vivo; survival of these species in natural and sterilized soils, and the effect of Trichoderma spp. on eggplant seedling emergency and growth. Under controlled conditions, in vitro, isolates Tw6 and CNP311A of T. koningii; Tl5P and Tal-I of T. viride and CNP 17 and TCII of T. harzianum were efficient in reducing V. dahliae inoculum. For fungus development and metabolites production, 28°C was the best temperature, among those tested. pH levels tested showed no apparent effect on isolate growth, although metabolite production had been enhanced at pH 4,5. Thought the production of volatile antibiotics, T. koningii and T. viride inhibited V. dahliae growth, although their own growth had been also inhibited. Eggplant seedling emergence was enhanced by Trichoderma in natural soil, and inhibited at increasing spore concentration. T. koningii isolate Tw6, increased plant leight and dry weight. Isolates Tl5P, Tal-I, CNP311A, and Tw6 survived in natural soil for 210 days. The inoculum amount of V. dahliae was reduced on the presence of T. harzianum, isolates CNP 17, implying that biocontrol can be effective under natural conditions.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-19
 
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