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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2019.tde-20191220-134334
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Montalvan Del Aguila
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1994
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Eficiência mutagênica de radiação gama e azida sódica em sementes de arroz (Oryza sativa L.)
Keywords in Portuguese
ARROZ
MUTAÇÃO VEGETAL
MUTAGÊNICOS
RADIAÇÃO GAMA
SEMENTES
Abstract in Portuguese
Sementes do cultivar de arroz de sequeiro IAC-1246 foram tratadas com dosagens de 10, 15 e 20 e 30 Krad de raios-gama e concentrações de 0,5, 1,0 e 5,0 mM de azida sódica (SA). O primeiro objetivo foi analisar o efeito e eficiência mutagênica de cada mutagênico e em combinação, através de mutações de clorofila. Um segundo objetivo foi avaliar o efeito dos tratamentos sobre a média e a variância de plantas M2 dos seguintes caracteres: número de dias até o inicio de floração (DIF), comprimento do colmo (CC) e número de perfilhes (NP). Concentrações maiores ou iguais a 1,0 mM de azida sódica ocasionaram maiores danos que os de raios-gama. Os tratamentos combinados incrementaram os danos, principalmente sobre a altura de plântula e fertilidade de panículas M1. Os tratamentos com SA mostraram maior freqüência de mutações de clorofila, seja em tratamento individual ou em combinação. A eficiência mutagênica da SA foi superior aos raios gama nas concentrações de 1,0 e 5,0 mM e inferior na de 0,5 mM. O espectro de mutações de clorofila dos raios-gama e de azida sódica foi parecido quanto a tipos diferentes de mutações, todavia quanto a freqüência dos diferentes tipos de mutantes, seja na condição de tratamento individual ou em combinação. Quanto ao efeito aditivo na combinação de mutagênicos, em média, os danos tiveram efeitos mais aditivos que as freqüências de mutações. Contudo a freqüência de mutantes ao nível de plântulas M2 (Mtsd), mostrou em média, alto efeito aditivo e, em alguns casos, efeito sobre-aditivo. O efeito aditivo da eficiência foi bem menor que a dos danos, com ligeiro destaque de Mtsd/Danos. Os tratamentos mutagênicos incrementaram as variâncias, mantendo a média, nos caracteres cumprimento do colmo (CC) e dias até o início da floração (DIF) na geração M2. Contudo, não incrementaram a variância de número de perfilhes (NP).
Title in English
Mutagenic efficiency of gamma radiation and sodium azide in rice seeds (Oryza sativa L.)
Abstract in English
Seeds of rice cultivar IAC-1246 were treated with dose of 10, 15, 20 and 30 Krad of gamma-rays and concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mM of sodium azide (SA). The first objective of the present study was to analyse mutagenic effect and efficiency of single mutagenic treatments well in combination of the with, through chlorophyll mutations observed in the M2. The second objective was to asses the effect of treatments on mean and variance of the M2 plants regarding the following characters: number of days to beginning of flowering (DIF), culm length (CC) and tiller number (NP). Concentrations higher or equal to 1.0 mM of SA caused more damages than gamma-rays. Combined treatments increased damages in comparison with single treatments, especially regarding the following characters: seedling height and fertility of M1 panicles. Treatments with sodium azide showed higher frequency of chlorophyll mutation than gamma-rays, in both single and combined treatments. Mutagenic efficiency of sodium azide was higher than that of gamma-rays at concentrations of 1,0 and 5,0 mM and lower at 0,5 mM. Both gamma-rays and sodium azide produce a similar chlorophyll mutation spectrum when different types of mutation are considered. However, the spectrum was not alike regarding the frequency of chlorophyll mutants both in single treatment or in combination. Regarding the additive effect of damages in mutagenic combinations, the damages showed more additive effect on the average, than the frequency of the mutations. However, mutant frequency based on the M2 seedling (Mtsd) showed high additive effect and in a few cases an over-additive effect. The additive effect regarding the efficiency was lower than for damages, with some distinction in Mtsd/Damages. Mutagenic treatments increased variance, with no change on the mean value, in the characters culm length (CC) and days to beginning flowering (DIF) in the M2 generation. However, no increase of variance in tiller number (NP) was observed.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-20
 
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