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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-20200111-123919
Document
Author
Full name
Angela Celis de Almeida Lopes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2001
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Análise dialélica envolvendo genótipos parentais de soja resistentes ao nematóide de cisto
Keywords in Portuguese
CRUZAMENTO DIALÉLICO
GENÓTIPOS
NEMATOIDE DE CISTO
RESISTÊNCIA GENÉTICA VEGETAL
SOJA
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta tese teve como objetivo principal avaliar o potencial de cruzamentos entre parentais resistentes ao nematóide de cisto da soja (NCS) para o melhoramento genético, principalmente para produtividade de grãos e de óleo mediante estudos de interações de genótipos com ambientes, correlações entre caracteres, ação gênica e capacidade combinatória. Foram utilizados seis genótipos parentais de soja, reunindo cultivares comerciais, exóticos e linhagens experimentais: (1) Hartwig, (2) Conquista, (3) USP 1-11, (4) USP 2-16, (5) MTBR 123.800, (6) USP 5-19. Esses parentais foram selecionados de acordo com os objetivos de produtividade de grãos, tolerância ao fotoperíodo, e resistência a doenças. A pesquisa incluiu 21 tratamentos, seis parentais e suas 15 combinações dialélicas em F2, avaliadas em experimentos em blocos ao acaso com seis repetições por local (ESALQ e Anhembi). A parcela foi representada por 12 covas de plantas individuais espaçadas de 0,80m x 0,80m. Os caracteres avaliados foram: número de dias para o florescimento (NDF), maturidade (NDM), altura da planta no florescimento (APF) e na maturidade (APM), valor agronômico 0/A), produtividade de grãos (PG), porcentagem de óleo nas sementes (%OL) e produtividade de óleo (PO). Os resultados permitiram concluir que: a) os parentais e a geração F2 apresentaram variabilidade para todos os caracteres; b) os cruzamentos Hartwig x USP 1-11 (1 x 3), Conquista x USP 1-11 (2 x 3), Conquista x USP 2-16 (2 x 4) e USP 2-16 x MTBR 123.800 (4 x 5) destacaram-se nos dois locais; c) o local Anhembi foi mais favorável para PG; d) a interação genótipos x locais (G x L) foi um forte componente da variação fenotípica; e) as correlações genotípicas foram maiores que as fenotípicas e de ambiente nos dois locais; f) tanto a capacidade geral de combinação (CGC) quanto a capacidade específica de combinação (CEC) foram importantes e interagiram com locais; g) as análises numéricas e gráficas detectaram sobredominância para a maioria dos caracteres, porém a variância aditiva também se revelou importante; h) os coeficientes de determinação genotípica no sentido amplo (h2a) foram altos para os caracteres, enquanto no sentido restrito (h2r) foram muito variáveis de um local para outro.
Title in English
Diallel analysis among soybean parents with resistance to cyst nematode
Abstract in English
This research aimed to evaluate the breeding potential, mainly for seed and oil yield, of soybean diallel cresses among parents with resistance to soybean cyst nematode. This objective was reached through genotype x environment interaction, correlations among characters, genetic action and combining ability. Six soybean genotypes were used as parents, including commercial cultivars, exotic genotypes and experimental lines: (1) Hartwig, (2) Conquista, (3) USP 1-11, (4) USP 2-16, (5) MTBR 123.800, (6) USP 5-19. The 21 treatments, six parents and their 15 diallel combinations in F2, were evaluated in two experiments designed in complete randomized block, with six replications in to localities (ESALQ and Anhembi). The experimental plot was represented by 12 hills of individual plants spaced 0.80m x 0.80m. The number of days to flowering (NDF) and maturity (NDM), plant height at flowering (APF) and at maturity (APM), agronomic value 0/A), seed yield (PG), oil percentage in the seeds (%OL) and oil yield (PO) were evaluated as traits. The results allowed to conclude that: a) the parents and the cresses presented variability for all traits; b) the cresses Hartwig x USP 1-11 (1 x 3), Conquista x USP 1-11 (2 x 3), Conquista x USP 2-16 (2 x 4) and USP 2-16 x MTBR 123.800 (4 x 5) exceeded in two localities; e) Anhembi was more favorable than ESALQ for PG; d) the genotype x locality interaction (G x L) was a important component of the phenotypic variation; e) genotypic correlations were larger than phenotypic and environmental correlations in the two localities; n general and specific combinig abilities were importants and they interacted with localities; g) the Hayman´s numeric and graphic analyses detected overdominance for most of the characters, however, the addictive genetic action was also important; h) the broad sense (h2a)estimates of the coefficient of genotypic determination were high, for all traits, while narrow sense (h2r)estimates were very variable between localities, showing again the influence of the genotype x locality interaction.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-11
 
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