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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1993.tde-20210104-175933
Document
Author
Full name
Jose Odair Pereira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1993
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Fungos endofíticos dos hospedeiros tropicais Stylosanthes guianensis e Musa Cavendish
Keywords in Portuguese
BANANA
ESTILOSANTE
FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS
Abstract in Portuguese
Fungos endofíticos foram isolados dos hospedeiros tropicais, Stylosanthes guianensis e Musa CavendishOs fungos foram isolados de plantas de campo e de casa de vegetação, obtidas a partir de sementes germinadas "in vitro" ou da cultura de tecidos e foram agrupados em 30 taxa. Glomerella cingulata, o teleomórfico de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides e Xylaria sp foram os endofíticos mais frequentes em S guianensis, exceto em plantas derivadas da cultura de tecidos e mantidas em casa de vegetação. Fungos endofíticos de Musa Cavendish foram isolados de plantas de campo originárias de três locais do Vale do Ribeira, uma região produtora de bananas no Estado de São Paulo e agrupados em 16 taxa. Os endofíticos mais frequentes nesse caso foram, Xylaria sp, Glomerella cingulata e Cordana musae. G. cingulata, um fungo já isolado em outros hospedeiros tropicais, sendo um possível patógeno latente de Musa Cavendish, foi o endofítico escolhido para os ensaios de inoculações em plantas axênicas. As plantas axênicas, obtidas por cultura do meristema apical, isolado de plantas de campo, foram mantidas sob condições controladas em Laboratório de cultura de tecidos vegetais. Folhas axênicas de um clone de bananeira foram ensaiadas para a introdução de Colletotrichum musae, anamórfico de G. cingulata. A partir desse isolado, foram obtidos mutantes espontâneos resistentes aos fungicidas thiabendazole e benomil. Esses mutantes, apresentando resistência cruzada, serviram de marcadores genéticos dos fungos durante os ensaios de inoculação, feitos simultaneamente com a linhagem selvagem. A inoculação dos fungos nas folhas das plantas foi obtida com sucesso e um dos mutantes revelou maior capacidade de penetrar no interior das folhas axênicas, quando comparado com a linhagem selvagem.
Title in English
Endophytic fungi of tropical hosts Stylosanthes guianensis e Musa Cavendish
Keywords in English

Abstract in English
Endophytic fungi were isolated from two tropical host: Stylosanthes guianensis e Musa Cavendish Fungal species i solated from S. guianensis plants from the field and plants of the greenhouse, originated from in vitro germination or micropropagation, were grouped in thirty taxa. Glomerella cingulata, the teleomorph of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Xylaria sp were the most frequent endophytes in S. guianensis, except in plants regenerated and kept in the greenhouse. Sixteen taxa isolated from Musa sp. field plants originated from t h re e differents localities in Vale do Ribeira, a banana producer region in São Paulo State, Brazil. Toe most frequent endophytes rn that case were Xylaria sp.; Glomerella cingulata and Cordana musae. Out of Musa endophyte s, G. cingulata, a fungus already isolated from other tropical hosts, being a possible latent pathogen of Musa sp., was selected for the assays of fungai inoculations in axenic plants. The axenic plants, obtained via tissue culture of the apical meristem of field plants, were maintained under controlled conditions rn a Iaboratory of plant tissue culture. Leaves of clonai plantlets were utilized for inoculations with Colletotrichum musae ( anomorph of G. cingulata) conidia. Spontaneous mutants resistant to the fungicides Thiabendazole and Benomyl were obtained from that isolated. Those mutants, presenting cross resistance, served as genetic markers of the fungus during the assays which were conducted in parallel with the wild strain. Leaf inoculation with the fungi was successfully carried out and one of the mutants revealed superior ability to penetrate in the axenic leaves, when compared with the wild strain.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-01-07
 
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