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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1992.tde-20231122-093427
Document
Author
Full name
Eduardo Bagagli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1992
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Parassexualidade e preservação de Metarhizium anisopliae (METSCH) SOROKIN e Trichoderma pseudokoningii (RIFAI)
Keywords in Portuguese
CICLO PARASSEXUAL
FUNGOS
GENÉTICA MICROBIANA
MELHORAMENTO GENÉTICO
PARAMEIOSE
PRESERVAÇÃO
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de aprofundar os estudos de genética e melhoramento dos fungos Metarbizium anisopliae e Trichoderma pseudokoningii e simultaneamente avalia diversos métodos de preservação das linhagens utilizadas, de modo a possibilitar a continuidade destas pesquisas. Utilizando linhagens parentais com marcadores morfológicos e auxotróficos complementares, diversos tipos de heterocários (normal, de ponta de bifa, sobre papel de filtro e entre parentais irradiados com luz UV) foram obtidos e investigados com relação à formação de recombinantes. A frequência de recombinantes, avaliada por semeadura em meios seletivos e método de enriquecimento por infiltração, variou de 1.10 -5 a 1.10-4 para M. anispliae e de 4,9 10-6 a 2,8. 10-5 para T. pseudokoningii. Embora a no parameiose tenha sido considerada como o principal mecanismo envolvido no surgimento destes recombinantes, discute-se também sobre a possibilidade de ocorrência de um outro processo parassexual de recombinação em fungos, aqui denominado de transformação intra-heterocrariótica. Um recombinante parameiótico híbrido de E6/E9, reisolado de larvas de Chalcodermus bimaculants infectadas, apresentou boa virulência em largatas de Diatraea saccharalis , evidenciado o potencial deste tipo de metodologia para obtenção de linhagens melhoradas. O método de preservação em água (CASTELLANI) foi o que possibilitou melhores resultados na manutenção das linhagens quando comparado com outros métodos facilmente acessíveis aos laboratórios (tubo inclinado, tubo inclinado com óleo mineral, solo, sílica gel). Culturas foram recuperadas após 5 anos de preservação, embora com ocorrência de instabilidade genética, como reversão de marcas morfológicas e auxotróficas em certas linhagens.
Title in English
Parasexuality and preservation of Metathizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin and Trichoderma pseudokoningii (Rifai)
Abstract in English
This research was carried out aiming to study the genetics and breeding of the filamentous fungi Metarhizium anisoplie and Trichoderma pseudokoningii and to evaluate their preservation and viability through different methods. Parental strains carrying contrascting morphological and auxotrophic markers were used to produce heterokaryons from several distinct the processes to investigate the presence of recombinants among their conidia. The recombinant frequency was evaluated by plating conidia derived from these heterokaryons in selective media and by filtration enrichment technique. These frequencies varied from 1.10-5 to 1.10-4 for M. anisopliae and from 4,9. 10-6 to 2,8. 10-5 for T. pseudokoningii. Although parameiosis was considered the leading mechanism to generate recombinants, it was also discussed the possibility of other parasexual process be involved as intra-heterokaryotic transformation. A parameiotic hybrid recombinant E6/E9, re – isolated from infected larvae of Chalcodermus bimaculatus, of showed good virulence against larvae of Diatraea saccharalis indicating the potencial of this breeding strategy to produce improved strains for biological control utilization. The strain preservation method known as CASTELLANI technique showed to be best one when compared with other methods tested, such as slopes, slopes plus mineral oil, soil ar.d silica gel. Viable cultures were rescued after been 5 years stored in water through the CASTELLANI method. However, genetic instability was detected in some strains including reversion of morphological and auxotrophic markers.
 
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Bagagli-Eduardo.pdf (9.24 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2023-11-24
 
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