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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1987.tde-20231122-093522
Document
Author
Full name
Pedro Valentin Him Him
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1987
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Determinação de metodologias para cultura de anteras de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Keywords in Portuguese
CULTURA DE ANTERAS
TOMATE HÍBRIDO
Abstract in Portuguese
Anteras de tomate tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) de 5 híbridos F1 (Motelle x Zambão; Raminho x Zambão; Colorado; Olho Roxo x Zambão; Sunny) e de 4 populações F2 (c.v. Santa Cruz x mutante folha de batata) foram cultivadas “in vitro” com o propósito de obter plantas haplóides. Pelos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que a expressão da androgênese é dependente do genótipo, bem como identificou-se o tamanho do botão floral ideal para este material como o de 5,0-6,9 mm, que corresponde ao estágio do grão de pólen uninucleado da microsporogênese. Entre os vários hormônios testados no meio básico MS, NAA e cinetina promoveram maior frequência de indução de calos (38,18%) na população F2, sendo que a concentração ótima destes hormônios foi de 2 mg/1. Para a população F1, NAA e cinetina também mostraram-se eficientes para a indução de calos nas concentrações de 5 mg/1 e 3 mg/1, respectivamente (22,73%). Anteras, meio de cultura, e ambos anteras e meio de cultura, conjuntamente foram irradiados com diferentes doses (2, 4, 6 e 8 KR) de raios ϒ para a determinação da radiossensitividade em relação à formação de calos e organogênese. A dose da irradiação 2,0 KR apresentou melhor eficiência para a formação de calos no hibrido “Sunny” e, entre as doses aplicadas, 8,0 KR mostrou ser letal para as todas populações testadas (F1 e F2). Os estudos citológicos da ponta de raiz mostram 2n = 24 cromossomos e nas anteras e calos foram observados n = 12 cromossomos. As regenerações da parte aérea (“caule”) e da raiz foram obtidas com uma frequência de 0,90% na população F2, com o uso de 5 mg/1 IAA + 3 mg/1 BAP para parte aérea e 0,6 mg/1 IAA + 0,6 mg/1 zeatina + 2 g/1 carvão vegetal ativado para raiz, sendo adicionado 10 g/1 de sacarose para este balanço hormonal.
Title in English
Determination of methodology for anther culture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Abstract in English
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) anthers from 5 F1 - hybrids (Motelle x Zambão; Raminho x Zambão; Colorado; Olho Roxo x Zambão; Sunny) and 4 F2 populations (c.v. Santa Cruz x potato leaf mutant) were cultivated “in vitro” with the purpose of obtaining haploid plants. From results obtained in this study, it has been noted that the genotype is an important factor of success in androgenesis, and that the ideal size of the floral bud for this material was 5,0-6,9 mm which corresponds to the uninucleate stage of microsporogenesis. Among the various hormones tested with the basic medium (MS), NAA and kinetin promoted a higher frequency of callus induction (38,18%) in the F2 population, and the optimum concentration of these hormones was 2 mg/1. For the F1 populations, NAA and kinetin were also efficient for callus induction in concentrations of 5 mg/1 and 3 mg/1, respectively (22,73%). Anthers, culture medium, and both anther and culture medium were irradiated with different doses (2, 4, 6 and 8 KR) of ϒ rays to determine radiosensitivity concerning callus formation and organogenesis. Irradiation with 2, O KR showed higher frequency of callus formation in “Sunny” hybrid compared with hybrids, and among the used dosages, 8,0 KR showed to be lethal to all the tested populations (F1 and F2). Cytological studies of the root-tip cells showed that they have 2n = 24 chromosomes. In the anthers and callus, n = 12 chromosomes were observed. Regenerate aerial part (“stem”) and roots were obtained with a frequency of 0,90% in the F2 population when applied concentrations of 5 mg/1 IAA + 3 mg/1 BAP to the aerial part and 0,6 mg/1 IAA + 0,6 mg/1 zeatina + 2 g/1 activated charcoal to the root, with the addition of 10 g/1 saccharose to this hormone balance.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-24
 
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