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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1986.tde-20220208-051250
Document
Author
Full name
Sueli dos Santos Freitas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1985
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Mineralização e imobilização do nitrogênio em solo suplementado com torta de filtro de usina de açúcar de cana e carbonato de cálcio
Keywords in Portuguese
CARBONATO DE CÁLCIO
FERTILIZANTES NITROGENADOS
MICROBIOLOGIA DO SOLO
NITROGÊNIO
TORTA DE FILTRO
Abstract in Portuguese
Conduziram-se dois experimentos de incação de solo em casa de vegetação utilizando amostras de Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro, com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da aplicação do resíduo orgânico da indústria de açúcar e do carbonato de cálcio sobre a mineralização e imobilização do nitrogênio no solo. O solo foi passado em peneira com malha de 2 mm. Em um dos experimentos adicionou-se ao solo uma solução de NH4NO3 para fornecer 161 ppm de N e no outro o solo foi mantido natural. Em ambos os experimentos foram testados quatro tratamentos: sem e com adição de torta de filtro (equivalente a 40 t de torta seca/ha), sem e com adição de CaCO3 (equivalente a 7,2 t/ha). As amostragens foram feitas aos 0, 10, 30, 50, 70 e 90 dias de incubação. Em cada amostragem analisaram-se os teores de N-NH+4 e N-NO-3 e estimaram-se os números mais prováveis de microrganismos amonificadores e nitrificadores. No experimento sem adição de nitrogênio, nos tratamentos com torta de filtro o teor de N-NH+4 + N-NO-3 após 10 dias de incubação foi praticamente zero, enquanto que nos tratamentos sem torta era 12 ppm. No tratamento com torta e sem CaCO3 esse teor zero de N-NH+4 + N-NO-3 manteve-se pelos 90 dias que durou o experimento, enquanto que no tratamento com torta e com CaCO3, após os 30 dias de incubação, esse teor subiu para aproximadamente 7 ppm, em média, mantendo-se até o final do experimento. No experimento com adição de nitrogênio, somente se observou efeito da torta na imobilização do nitrogênio aos 50 e aos 90 dias de incubação. Nessas duas épocas, os tratamentos com torta apresentaram cerca de 2/3 do teor de N-NH+4 + N-NO-3 contido nos tratamentos sem torta (250 ppm, em média). Em ambos os experimentos, não se detectou efeito significativo de qualquer dos tratamentos sobre as populações de microrganismos amonificadores e nitrificadores. Também foi observada a ocorrência de nitrificação fotoquímica em meio de cultura para microrganismos nitrificadores, constatando-se a presença de NO-2 em meio completo em nutrientes e esterilizado, após 2 semanas de incubação em condições de laboratório.
Title in English
Nitrogen mineralization and immobilization in soil amended with sugar mill filter and calcium carbonate
Abstract in English
Two incubation experiments were carried out in a greenhouse, with the objective of studying the effect of the application of a sugar cane-processing organic residue and of lime on mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen in soil. The soil used was a Red-Dark Latosol crusted to pass a 2 - mm sieve. In one experiment the soil was treated with a solution containing 161 ppm N, and in the other, no N was added. In both trials four treatments were applied: with or without addition of Oliver-filter cake from sugar-cane mill (equivalent to 40 t/ha of dry cake), and with or without addition of CaCO3 (equivalent to 7.2 t/ha). Samples were taken at 0, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 days of incubation. The concentration of NH+4-N and NO-3-N, and the most probable number of ammonifying and nitrifying microrganisms were evaluated in each sampling. ln the experiment with no N added, the concentration of NH+4-N plus NO-3-N was practically zero after 10 days of incubation, where Oliver-filter cake was applied, whereas the concentration of these N forms increased to 12 ppm in the treatments without cake. Application of Oliver-filter cake without CaCO3 caused the concentration of NH+4-N plus NO-3-N to remain close to zero up to the end of the 90-dias incubation period; with the addition of cake and CaCO3 the values of soil inorganic N increased to an average of 7 ppm and were kept constant until the end of the experiment. ln the trial in which N was added, the application of Oliver-filter cake caused immobilization of N only after 50 and 90 days of incubation. ln both these periods, the treatment with cake had about 2/3 of the amount of NH+4-N plus NO-3-N that was present in the treatments without cake (average of 250 ppm). In both experiments, application of filter cake and CaCO3 didnt increase significantly the population of ammonifying neither nitrifiers microorganisms. Photochemical nitrification was observed in culture medium for nitrifying microorganisms; the presence of NO-2 in sterilized, nutrient complete medium was noticed after 2 weeks of incubation under laboratory condition.
 
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2022-02-08
 
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