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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1978.tde-20220208-054519
Document
Author
Full name
Ely Nahas
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1978
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Tempeh de farelo de soja
Keywords in Portuguese
ALIMENTOS FERMENTADOS
TEMPEH DE FARELO DE SOJA
Abstract in Portuguese
Verificou-se a possibilidade de fermentação do farelo de soja, subproduto da indústria de óleo, a fim de se produzir um produto similar ao tempeh, alimento oriental, originalmente elaborado a partir de grãos de soja cozidos. O processo tecnológico mostrou a necessidade de adição ao farelo de soja de no mínimo 30% de um suplemento de carboidrato, dos quais foram utilizados farinha de mandioca, fubá e farelinho de arroz, de 3,5% de ácido cítrico a fim de reduzir o pH para 4,5 e de 150% de água destilada do peso da mistura farelo-suplemento. Após fermentação, que foi conduzida em placas de Petri por meio de Rhizopus oligosporus, à temperatura de 35 37ºC, por 24 horas, obteve-se um produto que se chamou de tempeh de farelo de soja (TFS), que se assemelhou a um bolo compacto, de coloração branca e de odor agradável, de frutas, algo alcoólico. Analisou-se o TFS, em cotejo com o tempeh e o farelo de soja, quanto às características bioquímicas, biológicas e sensoriais. Os resultados mostraram um produto com igual teor de proteína total, menor teor de óleo e quantidades superiores de fibra crua, cinzas e carboidratos que o tempeh. A fermentação não variou a composição centesimal do farelo, exceto para matéria graxa, e nem melhorou o teor de proteína crua quando se comparou o TFS com o farelo, porém, aumentou de 3,3 - 3,5 vezes o teor de proteína dispersa, indicando uma melhoria da digestibilidade do TFS. O coeficiente de utilização proteica não foi alterado pela fermentação, porém se mostrou equivalente ao padrão de caseína e superior ao tempeh. A análise sensorial revelou que o TFS é de aceitação regular, à semelhança do tempeh.
Title in English
Not available
Abstract in English
The possibility of fermentation of soybean meal (by product of the oil industry) to produce a tampeh like product, an oriental food, originally made of coocked soybean grains, was tried. The technological process has shown the necessity of addition to the soybean meal, a minimum of 30% of a supplement as source of carbohydrate, as manioc cassava flour, maize flour and rice bean, 3.5% of citric acid to decrease the pH to 4.5 and also 150% of distilled water considering the weight of the mixture soybean meal-supplement. The mixture was fermented in Petri dishes, at 35 37ºC during 24 hours using the mold Rhizopus oligosporus. After fermentation it has been obtained a product called soybean meal tempeh (TFS) which was like a compact white cake, with a pleasant fruit smell and showing also a something alcoolic smell. The TFS was analysed in relation to tempeh and soybean meal for its biochemical, biological and the most important sensorial characteristics. The results have shown that the TFS has a similar content of total protein, less oil content and more quantities of crude fiber, ashes and carbohydrates than the tempeh. The fermentation neither changes the percent composition, except for lipids content nor improved the crude protein content when the TFS was compared with the soybean meal, but the content of the dispersible protein was increased 3.3 3.5 times. This suggests an improvement of the digestibility of the TFS. The protein efficiency ratio of the TFS was similar to the soybean meal and that of standard casein and superior to the one of tempeh. The sensorial analysis has shown that TFS was regularly accept like tempeh.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-08
 
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