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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191108-115219
Document
Author
Full name
Renata Aparecida Martim
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1997
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Doses de nitrogênio e de potássio para produção, composição e digestibilidade dos capins Coastcross 1 e Tifton 85 em um latossolo vermelho-amarelado
Keywords in Portuguese
ADUBAÇÃO
FERTILIDADE DO SOLO
GRAMÍNEAS FORRAGEIRAS
PASTAGENS
PLANTAS FORRAGEIRAS
Abstract in Portuguese
O comportamento dos capins-bermuda Tifton 85 e Coastcross 1 submetidos a doses de nitrogênio e de potássio foi estudado para verificar a produção de matéria seca, as concentrações de N, K, P, Ca e Mg na parte aérea e raízes, a relação haste:lâmina, teores de FDN e FDA e o coeficiente de DIVMS desses capins. Os capins foram plantados em vasos contendo terra proveniente de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo ácrico (Haplustox) cuja análise de solo inicial apresentou P=1,6 mg dm-3; matéria orgânica=3,27 dag kg-1; pHCaCl2=4,7; K=0,13 molcdm-3 e V%=5,5%. Foi utilizado o equivalente a 3,7 Mg de calcário ha-1, com o objetivo de atingir a saturação por bases de 60%. As doses de nitrogênio e de potássio foram, respectivamente, equivalentes a 20, 100 e 180 kg de N ha-1 e 15, 75 e 135 kg de K ha-1, aplicados após cada corte. O experimento foi conduzido no período de verão e foram três cortes, sendo o primeiro após 44 dias de crescimento e o segundo e terceiro após 32 e 26 dias de cada corte, respectivamente, quando foram separadas as lâminas das hastes mais bainhas das plantas. Após o último corte foram coletadas as raízes. A aplicação de doses de nitrogênio incrementou a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e das raízes, aumentou as concentrações de nitrogênio e de magnésio e diminuiu a concentração de potássio e fósforo nas forrageiras. A produção de matéria seca da parte aérea também aumentou em função das doses de potássio, porém somente quando aliadas as mais altas doses de nitrogênio. A concentração de potássio aumentou enquanto as concentrações de nitrogênio, fósforo, cálcio e magnésio diminuíram com as doses de potássio. A relação haste:lâmina aumentou com a elevação das doses de potássio, mas diminuiu com as doses de nitrogênio. As concentrações de FDN e de FDA decresceram e o coeficiente de DIVMS foi incrementado com as doses de nitrogênio. Não houve diferença significativa na produção de matéria seca entre os capins estudados. A concentração de nitrogênio e magnésio e fósforo na parte aérea do primeiro crescimento foram mais elevadas em Tifton 85. O Coastcross 1 manifestou maior exigência de potássio e apresentou maior relação haste:lâmina do que no Tifton 85. O Tifton 85 apresentou maiores teores de FDN e FDA e maior DIVMS do que o Coastcross 1.
Title in English
Nitrogen and potassium rates for forage yield, composition and digestibility of Coastcross 1 and Tifton 85 in an oxisol
Abstract in English
The response of the bermudagrasses Tifton 85 and Coastcross 1 under doses of nitrogen and potassium was studied in order to verify the dry matter production and N, K, P, Ca and Mg contents on the top parts and roots, stem:blade ratio, and NDF, ADF and the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The grasses were planted in pots with soil from a Haplustox which analysis showed P=1.6 mg dm-3 organic matter =3.27 dag kg-1; pHCaCl2=4.7; K=0.13 cmolc dm-3 e V%=5.5%. It was used 3.7 Mg ha-1 of limestone to reach the bases saturation of 60%. The nitrogen and potassium rates were, respectively, equivalent of 20, 100 and 180 kg of N ha-1 and 15, 75 and 135 kg of K ha-1 applied after each harvest. The experiment was done during summer and three cuts were made, the first one after 44 days of growth and the second and third after 32 and 26 days after each cut, respectively. Blades were separated from the stems and sheath. In the last harvest the roots were collected. The use of nitrogen rates increased dry matter production of top parts and roots, increased the concentration of nitrogen and magnesium and decreased the concentration of potassium and phosphorus in the grasses. The dry matter production of top parts also increased with potassium rates but when applied together with the highest rates of nitrogen. The concentration of potassium increased while the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium decreased with potassium rates. The stem:blade ration increased with potassium rates, but decreased with nitrogen rates. The concentration of NDF and ADF decreased and the IVDMD increased with nitrogen rates. There was no significant difference between the grasses concerning the dry matter production. The concentration of nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus on the top parts in the first harvest was higher in Tifton 85 than in Coastcross 1. Coastcross 1 had higher requirement of potassium than Tifton 85, whereas Tifton 85 showed higher NDF, ADF contents and IVDMD than Coastcross 1.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-11-08
 
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