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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191218-114704
Document
Author
Full name
Amaro Hillesheim
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1987
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Fatores que afetam o consumo e perdas de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) sob pastejo
Keywords in Portuguese
CAPIM ELEFANTE
CONSUMO DE ALIMENTO
PASTEJO
PERDAS
Abstract in Portuguese
O trabalho consistiu em avaliar o desempenho de uma pastagem de Capim Elefante cv Napier, em Piracicaba, SP. Estudou-se especialmente, o consumo e a perda de forragem. O consumo, por novilhas, foi avaliado em três épocas, três pressões de pastejo e com três níveis de suplementação. As perdas foram determinadas nas três épocas e nas três pressões de pastejo. O consumo foi determinado pelo método indireto, com óxido de cromo como indicador e digestibilidade da matéria seca "in vitro". "Perdas" era o material forrageiro caído sobre o solo e o danificado pelos animais, mesmo que ainda aderido à planta. Estas foram determinadas em 12 parcelas de 62 distribuídas pela pastagem. O fator que mais afetou o consumo de forragem foi a suplementação, apresentando índice de substituição de 0,409. A pressão de pastejo não alterou o consumo . porém houve marcadas diferenças entre épocas que foram explicadas pela digestibilidade e fatores do clima, com radiação global e temperatura. As perdas, com média de 736 kg/ha, foram diretamente proporcionais às pressões de pastejo, porém tiveram tendência contrária quando expressas como porcentagem do peso vivo dos animais. Foram identificados e discutidos vários fatores da pastagem que influíram sobre o consumo e perdas, bem como atos de manejo capazes de melhorar o índice de aproveitamento, 40%, e reduzir o índice de perdas, 20%
Title in English
Factors affecting forage intake and losses on Elephant (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) pasture
Abstract in English
This work evaluated the performance of an elephant grass pasture, in Piracicaba, SP. Dry matter (DM) intake and losses were specially studied. DM intake, by heifers, was evaluated in theree periods, three grazing pressure and three supplementation and in the three grazing pastures. DM intake was determined by the indirect method, with chrome oxid as a marker and "in vitro" DM digestibility, 'Losses" were considered the DM which fell on the ground and the damaged material adhered to the plant. These losses were determined in 12 plots distributed in the pasture. Supplementation was the factor that most affected DM intake, with 0,409 as a substitution rate. Grazing pressure did not affect DM intake, but there were significant differences among periods, explained by DM digestibility and climatic to the grazing pressure but had an opposite tendency when expressed as a percentage of the animals LW. Several pasture factors, which affected DM intake and losses as well as management actions capable of increasing DM uptake rate and reducing losses rate, were identified and discussed
 
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HillesheimAmaro.pdf (4.01 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2019-12-19
 
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