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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191218-144402
Document
Author
Full name
Natália Inagaki de Albuquerque
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1993
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Ganho de peso na fase final de crescimento e sistematização da avaliação de carcaça de três categorias de capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris L. 1766): machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas
Keywords in Portuguese
CAPIVARAS
CARCAÇA
CRESCIMENTO
GANHO DE PESO
Abstract in Portuguese
Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram verificar as diferenças entre três diferentes categorias de capivaras (machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas), em relação ao ganho de peso na fase final de crescimento, e avaliar suas carcaças, através da sistematização dos diferentes componentes destas. Para avaliar o ganho de peso, foram utilizados vinte e três animais com idade inicial e final médias de 329 e 419 dias e peso inicial e final médios de 23 e 35kg. Destes vinte e três animais, doze foram abatidos para avaliação de suas carcaças. As capivaras foram divididas em três categorias: machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas. O peso foi tomado individualmente, no inicio do experimento e a cada quatorze dias, com um total de seis pesagens. As características da carcaça avaliadas foram peso vivo e perdas de peso, medidas lineares do animal, componentes corpóreos, órgãos e glândulas, rendimento de carcaça, cortes comerciais e dissecção física da carcaça. As médias do ganho diário de peso para os diferentes tratamentos foram de 140, 134 e 162 g/dia para machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas respectivamente. Quanto à carcaça, as médias (kg) dos pesos vivos, perdas de peso e componentes corpóreos para machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas foram as seguintes - peso vivo: 35,10, 34,10 e 34,40; peso em jejum: 32,90, 32,60 e 32,60; conteúdo gastrointestinal: 2,22, 2,95 e 2,59; peso do corpo vazio: 30,40, 29,70 e 30,10 e 30,40; cabeça: 3,20, 2,80 e 3,10; patas: 0,80, 0,90 e 0,80; couro: 2,70, 3,00 e 2,90; meia carcaça esquerda: 8,30, 8,30 e 8,20; meia carcaça direita: 8,30, 8,00 e 8,20. No referente ao volume de sangue, os valores encontrados foram: 0,90, 0,90 e 0,80 litros. As médias (cm) das medidas lineares do animal foram aItura: 53,80, 52,80 e 53,00; comprimento: 76,90, 72,20 e 73,30; perímetro torácico: 71.40,71,30 e 72,90 para machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas respectivamente. Para os órgãos e glândulas (a), dissecção física (b) e cortes comerciais das carcaças (c), as médias (kg) encontradas para machos inteiros, machos castrados e fêmeas foram respectivamente - a) peso total: 1,00, 0,80 e 0,90; fígado: 0,46, 0,41 e 0,50; coração: 0,10, 0,09 e 0,10; pulmões: 0,17, 0,15 e 0,16; baço: 0,10, 0,08 e 0,08; rins: 0,10, 0,08 e 0,09; b) gordura intermuscular: 0,41, 0,38 e 0,45; gordura subcutânea: 3,20, 2,90 e 3,00; músculos: 6,10, 6,20 e 6,20; ossos: 1,30, 1,30 e 1,20; c) pernil: 1,96, 2,00 e 1,93; lombo: 1,00, 0,90 e 1,00; paleta: 1,35, 1,47, e 1,50; costelas: 0,74, 0,74 e 0,76; filé mignon: 0,12, 0,12 e 0,11. Os rendimentos de carcaça quente ( %) em relação ao peso em jejum e ao peso do corpo vazio foram: machos inteiros: 50,70 e 54,30; machos castrados: 49,80 e 54,90; fêmeas: 50,40 e 54,90. As diferenças mais evidentes entre as categorias de capivaras notaram-se nos ganhos diários de peso, tendo as fêmeas obtido pesos maiores. possivelmente devido a um maior metabolismo, o que é comprovado pelos resultados apresentados, onde houve uma maior porcentagem do fígado em relação ao peso vazio para esta categoria de animal; quanto aos órgãos e glândulas e o peso da cabeça, os machos castrados apresentaram menores pesos que os demais
Title in English
Weight gain during the final period of growth and systematization of the carcass evaluation of three categories of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris L. 1766): intact males, castrated males and females
Abstract in English
The present work objectives, were to verify the differences between three different categories of capybaras (intact males, castrated males and females), in relation to the weight gain during the final period of growth, and to evaluate their carcasses, with the systematization of their different components. To evaluate the weight gain, twenty three animals were used, with the average initial and final ages of 329 and 419 days, and the average initial and final weights of 23 and 35kg. From these twenty three animals, twelve were slaughtered for carcass evaluation. The capybaras were divided into three categories: intact males, castrated males and females. The weight was taken individually at the beginning of the experiment, and after every fourteen days with a total of six weighings. The carcass characteristics evaluated were: live weight and weight loss, the animal' s linear measurement, body components, organs and glands, dressing percentage, primal cuts and physical carcass dissection. The average daily weight gain for the different treatments were 140, 134 and 162 g/day for the intact males, castrated males and females respectively. In relation to the carcass, the average (kg) of the live weight and weight loss and the body components for the intact males, castrated males and females were the following: live weight.: 35.10, 34.10 and 34.40; fasting weight: 32.90, 32.60 and 32.60; gastrointestinal contents: 2.22, 2.95 and 2.59; empty body weight: 30.40, 29.70 and 30.10; head: 3.20, 2.80 and 3.10; feet: 0.80, 0.90 and 0.80; hide: 2.70, 3.00 and 2.90; Ieft carcass: 8.30, 8.30 and 8.20; right carcass: 8.30. 8.00 and 8.20. The average (1) of the blood volume were: 0.90, 0.90 and 0.80. The average (cm) or the animal’ s linear measurements were - height.: 53.80, 52.80 and 53.00; Iength: 76.90, 72.20 and 73.30; thoraxic perimeter: 71.40, 71.30 and 72.90 for intact males, castrated males and females respectively. For the organs and glands (a), carcass physical dissection (b) and primaI cuts (c), the average (kg) found for intact males, castrated males and females were - a) total: 1.00, 0.80 and 0.90; liver: 0.46, 0.41 and 0.50; heart: 0.10, 0.09 and 0.10; lungs: 0.17, 0.15 and 0.16; spleen: 0.10. 0.08 and 0.08; kidney: 0.10, 0.08 and 0.09; b) intermuscular fat: 0.41, 0.38 and 0.45; subcutaneous fat: 3.20. 2.90 and 3.00; muscles: 6.10. 6.20 and 6.20; bone: 1.30. 1.30 and 1.20; c) ham: 1.96, 2.00 and 1.93; loin: 1.00. 0.90 and 1.00; shoulder blade: 1.35, 1.47 and 1.50; ribs: 0.74, 0.74 and 0.76; mignon: 0.12, 0.12 and 0.11. The hot dressing percentage in relation to fasting weight and to empty body weight were: intact males: 50.70 and 54.30; castrated males: 49.80 and 54.90; females: 50.40 and 54.90. The most evident differences between the categories were daily weight gain, where females had higher weights. This difference is believed to be due the female's higher metabolism, which is proved in the results shown where the females had a higher percentage of the liver in relation to the empty body weight; and for the organs and glands and the head weight, the castrated males had shown lower weights than the other categories
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-19
 
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