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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191218-153619
Document
Author
Full name
Maristela Neves da Conceição
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1990
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do comportamento de bezerros leiteiros lactentes e desmamados, em baias individuais e coletivas
Keywords in Portuguese
BAIAS
BEZERRO LEITEIRO LACTENTE
COMPORTAMENTO
DESMAMA ANIMAL
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente experimento foi realizado na Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", no Departamento de Zootecnia, e teve como objetivo o estudo do comportamento de bezerros da raça holandesa preta e branca, criados em baias individuais e coletivas, visando estabelecer condições de manejo que racionalizem gastos com instalações e mão-de-obra. Foram observados 12 animais com idades iniciais de três semanas, sendo 06 em baias individuais e 06 em baias coletivas. As observações foram feitas semanalmente, durante 24 horas consecutivas, totalizando 10 semanas e todas as atividades comportamentais foram anotadas. A alimentação dos bezerros constituiu-se de leite integral 4l/dia de leite integral, feno de rhodes à vontade e ração concentrada, cujo consumo foi determinado diariamente. Os animais foram pesados semanalmente para que se estabelecesse uma curva de crescimento medio nos dois tratamentos. O desaleitamento foi feito observando-se o aspecto geral dos animais. Por ocasião do desmame, o consumo de ração concentrada era em média 1,0 kg/cab/dia e os animais tinham em média 45,7 dias nas baias individuais e 54 nas coletivas. As principais atividades comportamentais observadas foram analisadas graficamente. Determinou-se o tempo dispendido pelos animais em cada atividade e o número de vezes que cada atividade foi desenvolvida. As atividades analisadas foram: ruminação, alimentação, repouso deitado, dormir, repouso em pé e atividades sociais. A percentagem de tempo diário que os animais passaram ruminando, alimentando-se, repousando, dormindo, em pé e em atividades sociais, nas baias individuais foram: 15,4%, 12,0%, 37,0%, 18,0%, 5,4%, 12,1%, e nas baias coletivas foram: 18,2%, 14,8%, 31,0%, 18,3%, 6,69% e 10,8%. O trabalho demonstrou nao haver diferenças acentuadas nas atividades comportamentais de bezerros criados em baias individuais ou em baias coletivas. Ambos os sistemas de criação mostraram-se satisfatórios, haja visto o desenvolvimento ponderal dos animais.
Title in English
Behavior evaluation of milk-yielding, unweaned and weaned calves in individuals pens and group reared
Abstract in English
This experiment was carried out at Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Departamento de Zootecnia and aimed to study the behavior of holstein calve spet in different rearing systens: individuaIs pens and in group pens. The purpose was study manegement conditions and less expensive cattle facilities and hand labor. In the begginlng of experiment calves were three weeks old. Six of then were put in individuaIs pens and the other six in group pens. Observation were made 24 hours a day for a 10 week period. During this time activities to study behavior were registered. Calves were fees 4 kg of whole milk per day, rhodes grass hay "ad libitum" and a comercial grain misture for calves. Intake was determined each day. Animals were wheighted weekly. Weaning was in accordance with the general aspect of the animals. At this time animals ate 1.0 kg of concentraded per day and were sepet for 45.7 days in individuals pens and 54 days in group pens. The main activities registered were analysed graphically. It was determined how long each activity last and how many times each activity was repeated. Activies analysed were: rumination, feeding, lying, sleeping, standing and social activities. Times fractions of the day expressed in percentage, spent on each of the analysed activities, in individual pens were, 15,4%, 12,0%, 37,0%, 18,0%, 5,4% and 12,1%: in group reared correspondents values were: 18,2%, 14,8%, 31,0%, 18,3%, 6,69% and 10,8%. This experiment showed no marked differences in behavior activities of calves both in individuals or in group pens and that considering the development of the animals both rearing systems were egual.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-19
 
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