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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2012.tde-11122012-084618
Document
Author
Full name
Elaine Maria Silva Guedes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Vitti, Godofredo Cesar (President)
Boaretto, Rodrigo Marcelli
Grassi Filho, Helio
Muraoka, Takashi
Otto, Rafael
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de fontes, absorção foliar e translocação de zinco (68Zn) em laranjeiras
Keywords in Portuguese
Adubação foliar
Fertilização
Frutas cítricas
Isótopos estáveis
Pluviometria
Zinco
Abstract in Portuguese
Os estudos de adubação com zinco foliar em citros desenvolvidos no Brasil são na maioria das vezes limitados às informações das quantidades dos nutrientes absorvidos pelas folhas, porém o transporte do zinco das folhas para outras partes das plantas ainda precisa ser esclarecido. A maioria das investigações sobre tal assunto é vasta de resultados conflitantes. Em vista disso, o uso da técnica com isótopos estáveis é uma ferramenta viável para auxiliar na determinação direta da absorção e translocação de zinco aplicado via foliar no citros. O presente estudo tem como objetivos determinar (i) os teores de zinco nas folhas durante três dias após a pulverização; na fase de floração e frutificação do citros: (ii) teores e acúmulos de zinco nas folhas e frutos; (iii) concentração de zinco nos pluviolixiviados das folhas; (v) absorção e translocação do zinco proveniente das fontes nas folhas; (vi) translocação do zinco proveniente das fontes nos frutos; (vi) concentrações de zinco nos pluviolixiviados das folhas provenientes das fontes.Foram conduzidos dois experimentos na Estação Experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro-SP. No primeiro experimento foram avalidas cinco fontes foliares de zinco, EDTA, sulfato, fosfito, quelado aminoácido (AA) e cloreto. No segundo foram avaliadas três fontes enriquecidas com 68Zn, EDTA, fosfito e sulfato, pulverizada na fase de floração e frutificação do citros. Para determinar os pluviolixiviados das folhas nos dois experimentos, colocaram-se recipientes plásticos embaixo das árvores. No experimento 1, todas as fontes aumentaram os teores foliares de Zn. O cloreto de zinco elevou os teores nas folhas novas, frutos novos e maduros. Observou-se que houve lavagem do zinco das folhas pelas chuvas, porém independe da fonte aplicada e depende do tempo decorrido depois da aplicação. Há perda de 11% do zinco aplicado nas folhas pela água da chuva. O zinco proveniente da fonte EDTA foi maior nas folhas novas e frutos novos, colhidos na fase de floração. Na fase de frutificação para os frutos maduros não houve diferença entre o zinco proveniente das fontes.
Title in English
Sources evaluation, foliar uptake and zinc translocation (68Zn) in Orange
Keywords in English
Citrus
fertilization
Foliar fertilization
pluviometry
Stable isotopes
zinc
Abstract in English
Studies of zinc fertilization on citrus foliar developed in Brazil are mostly limited to information of the nutrients quantities absorbed by the leaves, but the zinc transport of the leaves to other parts of the plants need to be clarified. Most investigations on this subject is vast array of conflicting results. As a result, the use of stable isotope technique is a viable tool to assist in the direct determination of zinc uptake and translocation of foliar application in citrus.The present study has as objective to determine: (i) the levels of zinc in leaves during three days after spraying, at flowering and fruiting stage of citrus; (ii) levels and accumulation of zinc in leaves and fruits; (iii) concentration of zinc in rainfall leached of the leaves; (iv) uptake and translocation of zinc from the sources in the leaves; (v) translocation of zinc from the sources in the fruits; (vi) rainfall leached zinc concentrations of the leaves from those sources. Two experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of Citrus - Bebedouro - SP. In the first experiment were evaluated five foliar sources of zinc, EDTA, sulfate, phosphite, chelated amino acid (AA) and chloride. In the second were evaluated three sources enriched with 68Zn, EDTA, phosphite and sulfate sprayed at flowering and fruiting of citrus. To determine the rainfall leached of the leaves in both experiments, plastic containers were placed under the trees. In experiment 1, all sources increased foliar concentrations of Zn. The zinc chloride increased the levels in young leaves, young fruit and mature. It was observed that there washing of the zinc in the leaves by rain, but independent of the applied source and depends on the time elapsed after application. There is loss 11% of zinc applied to the leaves by rainwater. Zinc from the source EDTA was greater in young leaves and fruits, harvested at flowering stage. During fruiting for the ripe fruit there was no difference among the zinc from the sources.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-12-19
 
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