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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2018.tde-20181127-155305
Document
Author
Full name
Carlos Julio Escobar Acevedo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1990
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização do Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo Álico sob mata e sob pastagem da região amazônica no Estado de Caqueta - Colômbia
Keywords in Portuguese
AMAZÔNIA
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO SOLO
FLORESTAS
PASTAGENS
PODZÓLICO VERMELHO-AMARELO ÁLICO
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o principal objetivo de caracterizar e estudar as variações das propriedades de solos sob mata e sob pastagens, foram selecionadas duas topossequências, num total de seis perfis de solos, originados de material de natureza argila-siltosa. A região apresenta regime perúdico e isohipertermico. Morfologicamente nos perfis sob pastagem há sinais de redução em todos os horizontes, entretanto na mata só nos horizontes inferiores. Houve mudanças na estrutura e na porosidade o que motivou encharcamento principalmente nos horizontes superficiais da pastagem. Neste processo foi constatada a destruição da hematita e formação goethita. Nos perfis sob mata há dominância de ferro cristalino, enquanto que nos perfis sob pastagens há dominância de ferro amorfo. Os solos são extremadamente desaturados e ácidos, com elevado teor de AL. Entretanto, os perfis sob pastagem apresentam teor de bases ligeiramente superior aos perfis sob mata o que é devido a ação do manejo. Observa-se, ate 1m de profundidade, perdas ao redor de 57,5 t/ha de carbono orgânico no sistema com pastagem. Estas perdas estão associadas a maior erosão e mudanças pelo manejo. Os perfis sob mata, foram classificados como Typic Tropudult para os perfis 1 e 2, e Epiaquic Tropudult para o perfil 3. Os perfis sob pastagem foram classificados como Epiaquic Tropohumults
Title in English
not available
Abstract in English
The main objective of this work was to characterize and study the property variations of soil under forests and under pastures. Two toposequences (out of six profiles) originated from material of silty-clay nature. The site of study is characterized for presenting perudic and isohyperthermic regimes. Morphologically, the profiles under pastures show reduction signals in all the horizons, which contrast with the profiles under forest, that only show them in inferior horizons. This was due to the apllied management which motivated a porosity reduction and thus, temporary inundate. In this process were evidenced hematite destruction and goethite formation due to reduction processes. In the profiles under forests there is the dominance of crystal iron, whereas in profiles under pastures there is the dominance of amorphus iron. Chemically, the soils are extremely acid and have low base saturation with elevated A1 contents. However, the profiles under pasture present base contents slightly superior to profiles under forests, which is due to management actions. It's observed, up to 1 m deep, organic carbon losses around 57,5 ton/ha in the pasture system. These losses are associated to greater erosions and changes by management of the areas with pasture. The profiles under forests were classified as Typic Tropudult for profiles 1 and 2, and Epiaquic Tropudult for profile 3. The profiles under pastures were classified as Epiaquic Tropohumults
 
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Publishing Date
2018-11-27
 
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