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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20190821-114759
Document
Author
Full name
Edilson Carvalho Brasil
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1994
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Disponibilidade de fósforo em solos da Amazônia tratados com fertilizantes fosfatados
Keywords in Portuguese
AMAZÕNIA
ARROZ
CAUPI
DISPONIBILIDADE
FERTILIZANTES FOSFATADOS
FOSFATOS
FÓSFORO
SOLOS
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivando avaliar a disponibilidade de fósforo em amostras de solos da Amazônia tratadas com fosfatos de diferentes solubilidades, bem como avaliar a eficiência destes fosfatos, foi conduzido um experimento em vasos, em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se cinco solos (LA-médio, LA-argiloso, LA-muito argiloso, PV-argiloso e PV-muito argiloso), quatro fontes de fósforo. (superfosfato triplo, termofosfato yoorin-fino, termofosfato yoorin-granular e fosfato natural da Carolina do Norte) em três doses (40, 80 e 120 μg P/g de solo) mais a testemunha. Plantas de caupi e arroz foram utilizadas como plantas-teste e as produções de matéria seca e as quantidades de P-absorvido da parte aérea das plantas foram correlacionadas com os teores de P do solo, extraídos pelos métodos da resina trocadora de íons, Mehlich-l, Mehlich-3, Bray-I e papel de filtro (Pi) impregnado com óxido de ferro. Paralelamente, realizou-se um ensaio para avaliar a capacidade de adsorção de fósforo dos solos, utilizando-se a isoterma de Langmuir. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: - Os melhores rendimentos em produção de matéria seca e P-absorvido foram obtidos nos solos tratados com superfosfato triplo; - No cultivo do caupi, o termofosfato yoorin-fino apresentou Índice de Eficiência Agronômica superior aos obtidos pelo yoorin-granular e fosfato natural da Carolina do Norte, enquanto que no cultivo do arroz, os índices foram bastante semelhantes, para todos os fosfatos; - O extrator Mehlich-l extraiu altas quantidades de fósforo, nos tratamentos com fosfato natural da Carolina do Norte; - Independentemente da fonte de fósforo utilizada, o extrator Mehlich-3 apresentou as melhores correlações com as respostas das plantas de caupi e arroz; - Os extratores Mehlich-3 e Bray-I demonstraram possuir maior sensibilidade às variações de solo; - O extrator Mehlich-3 destacou-se dos demais, mostrando-se mais adequado em predizer a disponibilidade de fósforo para as plantas, em diferentes condições de solos e fontes de fósforo.
Title in English
Phosphorus availability in Amazonian soils amended with phosphate fertilizers.
Abstract in English
With the objective of evaluating the phosphorus availability in five Amazonian soils samples, amended with phosphates with different solubility, and to evaluate the efficiency of these phosphates, a pot experiment was carried out in greenhouse condictions. The soils utilized were: medium texture yellow latosol, clayey yellow latosol, very clayey yellow latosol , clayey red-yellow podzolic and very clayey red-yellow podzolic. Four phosphate sources were tested (triple superphophate, fine yoorin thermophosphate, granular yoorin thermophosphate and North Caroline rock phosphate) in three ,rates (40, 80 and 120 μg P/g soil) plus the control treatment. Cowpea and rice plants were utilized as test-plants. Dry matter yield and amount of P taken up by the plant were correlated with soil P content, extracted by the following methods: anionic exchangeable resin, Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3, Bray-I and iron oxide-impregnated filter paper (Pi). In addition, an assay to evaluate the P adsorption capacity of the soils, using Langmuir isoterm adsorption, was also carried out. The following conclusions were drawn: - The best results on dry matter yield and P taken up, for cowpea, were obtained in soils amended with triple superphosphate; - The agronomic efficiency index of fine yoorin was superior to the granular yoorin and North Caroline rock phosphate for the cowpea cultivation, while these indexes were similars on all the phosphates for the rice cultivation; - The Mehlich-l extractant extracted highest amount of phosphorus, in the treatments with North Caroline rock phosphate; - Irrespective to the phosphate sources utilized, the Mehlich-3 extractant presented better correlation with the responses of cowpea and rice plants; - The Mehlich-3 and Bray-I extractants showed to have higher sensibility to the soil variations; - TheMehlich-3 extractant was outstanding over others, showing to be more suitable in predicting the P availability to the plants, in differents soil condictions and P sources.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-08-22
 
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